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. 2021 Nov 10:12:758849.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.758849. eCollection 2021.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Burnout Among Healthcare Workers During COVID-19

Sulmaz Ghahramani  1 , Kamran Bagheri Lankarani  1 , Mohammad Yousefi  2 , Keyvan Heydari  3   4 , Saeed Shahabi  1 , Sajjad Azmand  5
Affiliations

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Burnout Among Healthcare Workers During COVID-19

Sulmaz Ghahramani et al. Front Psychiatry. .

Abstract

Burnout among healthcare personnel has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic's unique features. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide a complete assessment of the prevalence of burnout across various healthcare personnel. Until January 2021, systematic searches for English language papers were conducted using PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest. Thirty observational studies were found after conducting systematic searches. The pooled overall prevalence of burnout was 52% [95% confidence interval (CI) 40-63%]. Pooled emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and lack of personal accomplishment (PA) were 51% (95% CI 42-61%), 52% (95% CI 39-65%), and 28% (95% CI 25-31%), respectively. This study demonstrated that nearly half of the healthcare workers experienced burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the studies that were included, non-frontline COVID-19 exposed healthcare personnel also experienced burnout. From high to lower middle-income countries, there was a gradient in the prevalence of total burnout, EE, and lack of PA. Further studies on burnout in low and lower-middle-income countries are suggested. A uniform diagnostic tool for the assessment of burnout is warranted.

Keywords: COVID-19; burnout; healthcare workers; meta-analysis; systematic review.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The flowchart of the literature searchaccording to PRISMA.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The pooled prevalence of overall burnout in included studies.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The pooled prevalence of emotional exhaustion in included studies.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The pooled prevalence of depersonalization in included studies.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The pooled prevalence of lack of personal accomplishment in included studies.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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