Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Jan;21(1):158-166.
doi: 10.1111/jocd.14643. Epub 2021 Dec 5.

Validated 5-point photonumeric scales for the assessment of the periorbital region

Tatjana Pavicic  1 , Rainer Pooth  2 , Valentina Prinz  3 , Mia Cajkovsky  3 , Jeremy B Green  4 , Claudia A Hernandez  5 , Daniel S Mueller  3 , Sonja Sattler  6 , Heike Klepetko  7 , Doris Day  8 , Martina Kerscher  9 , Atchima Suwanchinda  10 , Sebastian Cotofana  11 , Konstantin Frank  12 , Sabrina G Fabi  13
Affiliations

Validated 5-point photonumeric scales for the assessment of the periorbital region

Tatjana Pavicic et al. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Jan.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this investigation was to create and validate 5-point photonumeric scales for the assessment of dynamic crow's feet, static crow's feet, and infraorbital hollows.

Material and methods: Three novel 5-point photonumeric scales were created by a medical team. A total of 12 raters from all over the world performed a digital validation, and a total of 5 raters a live validation of the created scale.

Results: The statistical analysis revealed almost perfect intra-rater and inter-rater reliability in the digital validation of the scales for the assessment of static and dynamic crow's feet as well as infraorbital hollows. In the live validation, both crow's feet scales showed almost perfect intra-rater reliability, while the Croma Infraorbital Hollow Assessment Scale showed substantial intra-rater reliability. Inter-rater reliability was substantial for all three scales in the live validation. All three scales, the Croma Dynamic Crow's Feet Assessment Scale, Croma Static Crow's Feet Assessment Scale, and Croma Infraorbital Hollow Assessment Scale, were validated digitally and in a live setting.

Conclusion: The created scales to assess infraorbital hollowing, dynamic and static crow's feet have been shown to provide substantial to almost perfect agreement in the digital and live validation and can thus be considered as helpful tools in the clinical and research setting. While technical methods and appliances to assess the degrees of severity of age-dependent features are advancing, validated scales are of great importance due to their ease of use and, as shown by the validations, reliability, and reproducibility.

Keywords: crow feet; infraorbital hollowing; periorbital region; scales.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

REFERENCES

    1. Frank K, Schuster L, Alfertshofer M, et al. How does wearing a facecover influence the eye movement pattern in times of COVID-19? Aesthetic Surg J. 2021;41(8):NP1118-NP1124. doi:10.1093/asj/sjab121
    1. Sulovsky M, Müller D, Prinz V, et al. A prospective open-label, multicentre study evaluating a non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid based soft-tissue filler in the correction of lateral canthal and perioral lines. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022;21(1):191-198.
    1. Huber-Vorlander J, Kurten M. Correction of tear trough deformity with a cohesive polydensified matrix hyaluronic acid: a case series. Plast Surg Nurs. 2015;35(4):171-176. doi:10.1097/PSN.0000000000000112
    1. Mojallal A, Cotofana S. Anatomy of lower eyelid and eyelid-cheek junction. Ann Chir Plast Esthétique. 2017;62(5):365-374. doi:10.1016/j.anplas.2017.09.007
    1. Cotofana S, Gotkin RH, Frank K, et al. The functional anatomy of the deep facial fat compartments: a detailed imaging-based investigation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2019;143(1):53-63. doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000005080

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources