Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Nov 29:14:11786361211053344.
doi: 10.1177/11786361211053344. eCollection 2021.

Meningococcal Disease Burden in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Canna Jagdish Ghia  1 , Gautam Sudhakar Rambhad  1
Affiliations
Review

Meningococcal Disease Burden in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Canna Jagdish Ghia et al. Microbiol Insights. .

Abstract

Objective: To perform systematic review and meta-analysis of meningococcal disease burden in India.

Methods: We searched publications on meningococcal disease in India between 1996 and 2020 using PubMed and Google Scholar. Prevalence (proportion) of Meningococcal meningitis and Case-fatality ratio (CFR) were pooled using random effects model. Other outcomes were pooled qualitatively.

Results: The prevalence of Meningococcal meningitis in epidemic and endemic conditions was 12.1% (95% CI: 5.2-21.4) and 0.76% (95% CI: 0.3-1.4), respectively, with a CFR of 12.8% (95% CI: 6.8-20.4) in epidemic settings; N. meningitis caused 3.2% (95% CI: 1.6-5.3) of Acute Bacterial Meningitis (ABM) cases in endemic settings. The disease appeared in infants, adolescents, and adults with Serogroup A prevalence. Treatment and prophylaxis were limited to antibiotics despite increased resistance.

Conclusion: The study reveals epidemic and endemic presence of the disease in India with high fatality and serogroup A prevalence. Further monitoring and immunization are required to prevent outbreaks.

Keywords: India; Meningococcal; burden of disease; meningitis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of conflicting interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
PRISMA flowchart describing study selection process.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Forest plot of the prevalence (proportion) of the confirmed N. meningitidis cases among clinically suspected cases of ABM in epidemic settings. Abbreviations: DF, degree of freedom; Q, Cochran’s heterogeneity statistic.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Forest plot of the proportion of the confirmed N. meningitidis cases among clinically suspected cases of ABM in endemic settings. Abbreviations: DF, degree of freedom; Q, Cochran’s heterogeneity statistic.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Forest plot of the prevalence (proportion) of the confirmed N. meningitidis cases among culture positive cases of ABM in endemic settings. Abbreviations: DF, degree of freedom; Q, Cochran’s heterogeneity statistic.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Forest plot showing case fatality ratio of N. meningitidis in epidemic settings. Abbreviations: DF, degree of freedom; Q, Cochran’s heterogeneity statistic.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Johri S, Gorthi SP, Anand AC. Meningococcal meningitis. Med J Armed Forces India. 2005;61:369-374. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Borrow R, Lee JS, Vázquez JA, et al.. Meningococcal disease in the Asia-Pacific region: findings and recommendations from the global meningococcal initiative. Vaccine. 2016;34:5855-5862. - PubMed
    1. World Health Organization. Meningitis. 2021. Accessed January 8, 2021. http://www.who.int/csr/disease/meningococcal/en/
    1. Central Bureau of Health Intelligence – India MoHFW, Government of India. Health status indicators. 2020. Accessed October 18, 2021. https://www.cbhidghs.nic.in/index1.php?lang=1&level=1&sublinkid=75&lid=1135
    1. Central Bureau of Health Intelligence – India MoHFW, Government of India. Health status indicators. 2020. Accessed October 18, 2021. https://www.cbhidghs.nic.in/index1.php?lang=1&level=1&sublinkid=75&lid=1135

LinkOut - more resources