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. 2021 Dec;28(12):7134-7141.
doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.013. Epub 2021 Aug 9.

Optimization of citric acid production by Aspergillus niger using two downgraded Algerian date varieties

Dallal Chergui  1 , Soraya Akretche-Kelfat  1 , Lynda Lamoudi  2 , Mamoon Al-Rshaidat  3 , Farida Boudjelal  4   5 , Hamid Ait-Amar  1
Affiliations

Optimization of citric acid production by Aspergillus niger using two downgraded Algerian date varieties

Dallal Chergui et al. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Dec.

Abstract

In the present work, the GHARS and the MECH DEGLA downgraded date varieties were used in a fermentation medium in order to produce citric acid by the Aspergillus niger. The biochemical characteristics of the dates were investigated, along with the chemical and physical characteristics of the solutions of both samples. The analyzed parameters included the moisture and sugar content, the ash residual, the pH values, and the electrical conductivity. The effect of the following fermentation parameters was studied: initial pH, temperature, incubation period, and methanol. For the GHARS and MECH DEGLA date varieties respectively, the ash residual measured at 1.90% and 2.47%. For each date variety, the moisture and total sugars were measured at 11.59% and 85%, for the GHARS, and 12.82% and 80.47% for the MECH DEGLA. Citric acid production using either of the two varieties of dates showed a high yield in a short time. The obtained results showed that the highest production of citric acid by both medium of dates was achieved at the initial pH value of 3.0, temperature 30 °C, and an incubation period of 8 days. Also, the maximum amount of citric acid was produced when both mediums contained 4% of methanol. Both varieties of dates showed a good yield for the citric acid and can be used as a culture medium since they are economic and ensure good growth for the Aspergillus niger.

Keywords: Aspergillus niger; Citric acid; Downgraded date varieties of Algeria (GHARS and MECH DEGLA); Fermentation; Optimization.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Kinetic of pH during fermentation by Aspergillus niger on medium based on downgraded dates GHARS and the MECH DEGLA during seven days.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Kinetic of electrical conductivity during fermentation by Aspergillus niger on medium based on downgraded dates GHARS and the MECH DEGLA during seven days.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Kinetics of sugar consumption by Aspergillus niger on medium based on downgraded dates: GHARS and the MECH DEGLA during fermentation.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Kinetic production of citric acid by Aspergillus niger on medium based on downgraded dates GHARS and the MECH DEGLA during seven days.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
The effect of initial pH on the citric acid production.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Effect of temperature on citric acid production.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Kinetic production of citric acid by Aspergillus niger on medium based on downgraded dates GHARS and the MECH DEGLA during eleven days.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Effect of methanol on citric acid production.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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