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. 2021 Nov 17:11:789919.
doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.789919. eCollection 2021.

Potential Microbiological Risk Factors Associated With Periodontitis and Periodontal Health Disparities

Bing-Yan Wang  1 , Tom Lu  2 , Qiuyin Cai  3 , Meng-Hsuan Ho  4 , Sally Sheng  1 , Hsiu-Wan Meng  1 , Laura Arsto  1 , Jianming Hong  1 , Hua Xie  4
Affiliations

Potential Microbiological Risk Factors Associated With Periodontitis and Periodontal Health Disparities

Bing-Yan Wang et al. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. .

Abstract

Periodontitis disproportionately affects different racial and ethnic populations. In this study, we used qPCR to determine and compare oral microbial profiles in dental plaque samples from 191 periodontitis patients of different ethnic/racial backgrounds. We also obtained the periodontal parameters of these patients retrospectively using axiUm and performed statistical analysis using SAS 9.4. We found that in this patient cohort, neighborhood median incomes were significantly higher among Caucasians Americans (CAs) than among African Americans (AAs) and Hispanic Americans (HAs). Levels of total bacteria and Porphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone periodontal pathogen, were not evenly distributed among the three groups. We confirmed our previous findings that Streptococcus cristatus reduces P. gingivalis virulence potential and likely serves as a beneficial bacterium. We also showed the ratio of S. cristatus to P. gingivalis to be significantly higher in CAs than in HAs and AAs. Our results suggest that higher levels of P. gingivalis and lower ratios of S. cristatus to P. gingivalis may contribute to periodontal health disparities.

Keywords: Porphyromonas gingivalis; Streptococcus cristatus; microbial profiles; periodontitis; racial and ethnic groups.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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