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Clinical Trial
. 2021 Dec 7;16(12):e0261054.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261054. eCollection 2021.

Predictors of renal infarction in patients presenting to the emergency department with flank pain: A retrospective observational study

Sangun Nah  1 , Sangsoo Han  1 , Han Bit Kim  1 , Sohyeon Chun  1 , Sechan Kim  1 , Seungho Woo  1 , Ji Eun Moon  2 , Young Soon Cho  1
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

Predictors of renal infarction in patients presenting to the emergency department with flank pain: A retrospective observational study

Sangun Nah et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Objectives: Flank pain is a common symptom in the emergency department and can be caused by a variety of diseases. Renal infarction (RI) is a very rare disease, and many RI patients complain of flank pain. However, there is no definitive predictor of RI when patients complain of flank pain. This study aimed to identify the clinical factors for predicting RI in patients with flank pain.

Methods: This retrospective single-center study was conducted on patients complaining of flank pain from January 2016 to March 2020 at a South Korean tertiary care hospital. Exclusion criteria included patients who did not undergo contrast-enhanced computed tomography, age < 18 years, and trauma. Demographic and laboratory data were obtained from medical records. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify predictors of RI occurrence.

Results: In all, 2,131 patients were enrolled, and 39 (1.8%) had RI. From a multivariable logistic regression analysis, an age ≥ 65 years (odds ratio [OR], 3.249; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.366-7.725; p = 0.008), male sex (OR, 2.846; 95% CI, 1.190-6.808; p = 0.019), atrial fibrillation (OR, 10.386; 95% CI, 3.724-28.961; p < 0.001), current smoker (OR, 10.022; 95% CI, 4.565-22.001; p < 0.001), and no hematuria (OR, 0.267; 95% CI, 0.114-0.628; p = 0.002) were significantly associated with the occurrence of RI.

Conclusions: Five clinical factors, i.e., age ≥ 65 years, male sex, atrial fibrillation, current smoker, and no hematuria, were significantly associated with the occurrence of RI in patients with flank pain.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Flow chart of study subject enrollment.
Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; RI, renal infarction.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Receiver operating characteristic curves for the multiple logistic regression analysis model of risk factors for renal infarction.
Abbreviations: AUC, area under curve.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Nomogram to predict renal infarction in patients with flank pain.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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