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Review
. 2021 Nov 27;21(23):7927.
doi: 10.3390/s21237927.

Blockchain-Based Authentication in Internet of Vehicles: A Survey

Sohail Abbas  1 , Manar Abu Talib  1 , Afaf Ahmed  2 , Faheem Khan  3 , Shabir Ahmad  4 , Do-Hyeun Kim  5
Affiliations
Review

Blockchain-Based Authentication in Internet of Vehicles: A Survey

Sohail Abbas et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has emerged as an advancement over the traditional Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) towards achieving a more efficient intelligent transportation system that is capable of providing various intelligent services and supporting different applications for the drivers and passengers on roads. In order for the IoV and VANETs environments to be able to offer such beneficial road services, huge amounts of data are generated and exchanged among the different communicated entities in these vehicular networks wirelessly via open channels, which could attract the adversaries and threaten the network with several possible types of security attacks. In this survey, we target the authentication part of the security system while highlighting the efficiency of blockchains in the IoV and VANETs environments. First, a detailed background on IoV and blockchain is provided, followed by a wide range of security requirements, challenges, and possible attacks in vehicular networks. Then, a more focused review is provided on the recent blockchain-based authentication schemes in IoV and VANETs with a detailed comparative study in terms of techniques used, network models, evaluation tools, and attacks counteracted. Lastly, some future challenges for IoV security are discussed that are necessary to be addressed in the upcoming research.

Keywords: Internet of Vehicles; Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks; authentication; blockchain.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Communication models in IoV.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The proposed six-layers architecture of IoV.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The security requirements and challenges in IoV and VANETs platforms.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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