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Meta-Analysis
. 2021 Dec 3;18(23):12750.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph182312750.

Self-Management Nursing Intervention for Controlling Glucose among Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mi-Kyoung Cho  1 , Mi Young Kim  2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Self-Management Nursing Intervention for Controlling Glucose among Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mi-Kyoung Cho et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

As the diabetic population increases, self-management of diabetes, a chronic disease, is important. Given that self-management nursing interventions using various techniques have been developed, an analysis of their importance is crucial. This study aimed to identify the overall effects of self-management nursing interventions on primary (HbA1c) and secondary (self-care, self-efficacy, fasting blood sugar level blood pressure, lipid, body mass index, waist circumference, distress, anxiety, depression, and quality of life) outcomes in diabetes. Systematic review and meta-analysis were used. The meta-analysis involved the synthesis of effect size; tests of homogeneity and heterogeneity; trim and fill plot; Egger's regression test; and Begg's test for assessing publication bias. The overall effect on HbA1c was -0.55, suggesting a moderate effect size, with HbA1c decreasing significantly after nursing interventions. Among the nursing interventions, the overall effect on HbA1c of nurse management programs, home visiting, and customized programs was -0.25, -0.61, and -0.65, respectively, a small or medium effect size, and was statistically significant. Healthcare professionals may encourage people with diabetes to engage in self-management of their glucose levels, such as patient-centered customized intervention. Interventions that reflect the individual's characteristics and circumstances are effective in enabling self-management.

Keywords: HbA1c; T1DM; T2DM; diabetes; meta-analysis; self-care; self-management; systematic review.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Diagram of study extraction.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The effect of self-management nursing intervention on HbA1C. Notes. * Duplicate removal of the number of subjects Jutterstrom et al. (2016)’s study, HbA1C: glycosylated hemoglobin, ES: effect size, and CI: confidence interval.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a). Publication bias test of self-management nursing intervention on HbA1C. Notes. Egger’s regression test for zero intercept. Begg’s test for rank correlation; HbA1C: glycosylated hemoglobin, SE: standard error, CI: Confidence interval, and ES: effect size. (b). Trim and fill plot of self-management nursing intervention on HbA1C. Notes. Precision = 1/standard error, Hg = mean difference, 0.01 limit line = 99% confidence limit, 0.05 limit line = 95% confidence limit, and 0.1 limit line = 90% confidence limit.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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