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Review
. 2021 Sep 15;62(3):E628-E634.
doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.3.1899. eCollection 2021 Sep.

Emerging and re-emerging viral infections in India

Mamta Patel  1 , Akhil Dhanesh Goel  2 , Pankaj Bhardwaj  3 , Nitin Joshi  1 , Nitesh Kumar  2 , Manoj Kumar Gupta  2 , Vidhi Jain  4 , Suman Saurabh  2 , Kamlesh Patel  5
Affiliations
Review

Emerging and re-emerging viral infections in India

Mamta Patel et al. J Prev Med Hyg. .

Abstract

The number of outbreaks have progressively increased since many years in India. In this era of globalization and rapid international travel, any infectious disease in one country can become a potential threat to the entire globe. Outbreaks of Nipah, Zika, Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever and Kyasanur Forest Disease have been reported since a decade and now we are facing COVID-19 pandemic. One of the challenges in the prevention of these outbreaks is that as the cases decrease, the felt need declines, the public demand decreases and the mitigation responses get overshadowed by the need of emergency responses elsewhere. The One Health approach is a movement to promote alliance between medicine field, veterinary medicine and environmental sciences to upgrade the health of humans, animals, and ecosystem. The data in this article is compiled from different websites and publications of World Health Organization (WHO), Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP), grey literature and media. There is an urgent need for better surveillance and disease burden assessments in the country and to gain detailed insights into vector biology, factors of environment influencing the diseases, mapping of endemic areas, strengthen intersectoral coordination, infection control practices, and ensure use of Personal Protective Equipment's (PPE) and availability of drugs and vaccines to handle the outbreaks in a better way.

Keywords: CCHF; COVID-19; KFD; Nipah; Zika.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest statement The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Line graph showing number of reported outbreaks from 2008 to 2018 (source: IDSP, original to the manuscript).
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Graph depicting cases confirmed and died in the reported outbreaks(source: IDSP, original to the manuscript).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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