Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Dec 3:12:779689.
doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.779689. eCollection 2021.

Impacts of Embryonic Thermal Programming on the Expression of Genes Involved in Foie gras Production in Mule Ducks

William Massimino  1 , Charlotte Andrieux  1 , Sandra Biasutti  2 , Stéphane Davail  1 , Marie-Dominique Bernadet  3 , Tracy Pioche  1 , Karine Ricaud  1 , Karine Gontier  1 , Mireille Morisson  4 , Anne Collin  5 , Stéphane Panserat  1 , Marianne Houssier  1
Affiliations

Impacts of Embryonic Thermal Programming on the Expression of Genes Involved in Foie gras Production in Mule Ducks

William Massimino et al. Front Physiol. .

Abstract

Embryonic thermal programming has been shown to improve foie gras production in overfed mule ducks. However, the mechanisms at the origin of this programming have not yet been characterized. In this study, we investigated the effect of embryonic thermal manipulation (+1°C, 16 h/24 h from embryonic (E) day 13 to E27) on the hepatic expression of genes involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms, stress, cell proliferation and thyroid hormone pathways at the end of thermal manipulation and before and after overfeeding (OF) in mule ducks. Gene expression analyses were performed by classic or high throughput real-time qPCR. First, we confirmed well-known results with strong impact of OF on the expression of genes involved in lipid and carbohydrates metabolisms. Then we observed an impact of OF on the hepatic expression of genes involved in the thyroid pathway, stress and cell proliferation. Only a small number of genes showed modulation of expression related to thermal programming at the time of OF, and only one was also impacted at the end of the thermal manipulation. For the first time, we explored the molecular mechanisms of embryonic thermal programming from the end of heat treatment to the programmed adult phenotype with optimized liver metabolism.

Keywords: duck; embryonic thermal programming; gene expression; liver; metabolism.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Experimental design. Incubation period extends from embryonic day 1 (E1) to day 30 (E30), day of peak hatching of the ducklings. The thermal manipulation (TM) was performed between E13 and E27, with a temperature increase of 1°C (16 h/24 h) and relative humidity (RH) adjusted to 63%. Overfeeding began at 83 days of age (D83) and ended at 95 days (D95). Liver samplings for RNA extraction are indicated by an arrow at the end of the TM (E27) and before (D83) and after (D95) overfeeding.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Hepatic relative expression of genes directly influenced by heat treatment at E27. Column representation of the relative expression of HSPA2 (A), HSP90AA1 (B), DNAJB12 (C), and HSF3 (D) at the end of the thermal manipulation in the liver of control (CTR) or thermal manipulated (TM) duck embryos. Data are presented as mean +/– SEM (n = 18–19). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Hepatic relative expression at the end of the heat treatment (E27) of genes influenced by TM before or after overfeeding. Column representation of the relative expression of GPAT1 (A), APOB (B), DIO3 (C), HSBP1 (D), PSMD12 (E) and UBQLN1 (F) at the end of the thermal manipulation in the liver of control (CTR) or thermal manipulated (TM) duck embryos. Data are presented as mean +/– SEM (n = 16–19). **P < 0.01. The absence of a star means that there is no statistical difference between the groups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Albokhadaim I. F., Althnaian T. A., El-Bahr S. M. (2019). Gene expression of heat shock proteins/factors (HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, HSF-1, HSF-3) and antioxidant enzyme activities in heat stressed broilers treated with vitamin C. Pol. J. Vet. Sci. 22 565–572. 10.24425/pjvs.2019.129965 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Almeida N. G., Levitsky D. A., Strupp B. (1996). Enhanced thermogenesis during recovery from diet-induced weight gain in the rat. Am. J. Physiol. 271(5 Pt 2) R1380–R1387. 10.1152/ajpregu.1996.271.5.R1380 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Al-Zghoul M.-B., Ismail Z. B., Dalab A. E. S., Al-Ramadan A., Althnaian T. A., Al-ramadan S. Y., et al. (2015). Hsp90, Hsp60 and HSF-1 genes expression in muscle, heart and brain of thermally manipulated broiler chicken. Res. Vet. Sci. 99 105–111. 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.12.014 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Al-Zhgoul M.-B., Dalab A. E. S., Ababneh M. M., Jawasreh K. I., Busadah K. A. A., Ismail Z. B. (2013). Thermal manipulation during chicken embryogenesis results in enhanced Hsp70 gene expression and the acquisition of thermotolerance. Res. Vet. Sci. 95 502–507. 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.05.012 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Annabelle T., Karine R., Marie-Dominique B., Karine G., Stéphane D. (2018). Pre- and post-prandial expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism at the end of the overfeeding period of mule ducks. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 438 111–121. 10.1007/s11010-017-3118-6 - DOI - PubMed