Effects of Health Education Based on Omaha System on Anxiety, Depression and Self-Management Ability of Primipara

Abstract

Background: Primiparas are prone to tension, anxiety, depression and other emotions due to their lack of experience related to delivery and fear of the unknown during pregnancy. Meanwhile, their self-management ability decreases because of their failure to immediately adapt to the transformation of their roles in a short time. A nursing model was constructed in this study based on the combination of the Omaha System with PBL health education to examine the effect of this model on the anxiety, depression, quality of life and self-management ability of primiparas.

Subjects and methods: From January to December 2020, 170 primiparas were recruited as volunteers in this study by means of voluntary registration. They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, with 85 members in each group. The intervention lasted 6 weeks. SDS, SAS, WHOQOL-BREF scale and ESCA scale were used to compare the scores of the two groups before and after the intervention.

Results: (1) After the intervention, the changes of the observation group in self-management ability and its four dimensions are higher than those of the control group, with the differences being statistically significant (P<0.05). (2) After the intervention, the changes of the observation group in quality of life and its four dimensions are higher than those of the control group, with the differences being statistically significant (P<0.05). (3) The changes of the observation group in anxiety and depression are higher than those of the control group. Specifically, the change of the observation group in anxiety before and after the intervention is 6.40±5.61, in comparison with 2.67±3.71 in the control group; the change of the observation group in depression before and after the intervention is 9.07±8.42, in comparison with 3.19±7.06 in the control group.

Conclusion: the new nursing method proposed in this study effectively improves the self-management ability and quality of life of primiparas, significantly reduces their anxiety and depression, has a high application value in obstetric nursing and also provides a new idea for the implementation of scientific and efficient nursing for primiparas.