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. 2021 Dec 20;16(12):e0261187.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261187. eCollection 2021.

Three-dimensional kinematic evaluation of lateral suture stabilization in an in vitro canine cranial cruciate deficient stifle model

Laura-Isabela Del Carpio  1 , Yvan Petit  2   3 , Lucien Diotalevi  2   3 , Elisabeth Laroche  2   3 , Annie Levasseur  2   3 , Bertrand Lussier  1   4   5
Affiliations

Three-dimensional kinematic evaluation of lateral suture stabilization in an in vitro canine cranial cruciate deficient stifle model

Laura-Isabela Del Carpio et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

The impact of surgical correction of cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) on 3D kinematics has not been thoroughly evaluated in dogs. The success of current techniques remains limited, as illustrated by suboptimal weightbearing and progression of osteoarthritis. The inability to restore the stifle's 3D kinematics might be a key element in understanding these suboptimal outcomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of lateral suture stabilization (LSS) on the 3D kinematics of the canine stifle joint. We hypothesized that LSS would not restore 3D kinematics in our model. Ten cadaveric pelvic limbs collected from large dogs (25-40 kg) were tested using a previously validated apparatus that simulates gait. Three experimental conditions were compared: (a) intact stifle; (b) unstable stifle following cranial cruciate ligament transection (CCLt) and (c) CCLt stabilized by LSS. Three-dimensional kinematics were collected through 5 loading cycles simulating the stance phase of gait and curves were analyzed using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. LSS restored baseline kinematics for the entire stance phase for cranial and lateromedial translation, flexion, and abduction. It restored distraction over 90% of the stance phase. Internal rotation was limited, but not restored. This in vitro study had limitations, as it used a simplified model of stifle motion and weight-bearing. The results of this study report that LSS can restore physiologic 3D kinematics largely comparable to those of healthy stifles. Suboptimal outcome in patients following CCLR stabilization by LSS may therefore result from causes other than immediate postoperative abnormal 3D kinematics.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. The testing apparatus used for the study with a loaded limb in place.
Cranio-caudal views (A) Oblique. (B) Frontal; 1. Frame; 2. Upper platform; 3. Lower platform; 4. Artificial hip joint; 5. Artificial tarsal joint; 6. Linear actuator; 7. Rotating actuator; 8. Weights, centralized over hip joint; 9. Turnbuckle attached to proximal tibia and patella; 10. Rigid bodies fixated in femur (black) and tibia (red).
Fig 2
Fig 2. Three-dimensional kinematics for intact (green), cranial cruciate ligament deficient (red) and lateral suture stabilized (blue) stifles through the stance phase of stride.
Curves represent the mean values for 10 stifles through 5 cycles each. * Statistically significant difference (using Wilcoxon signed-rank test) at that time point between intact and stabilized stifles.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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