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Meta-Analysis
. 2022 Jan;30(1):117-128.
doi: 10.1002/oby.23331.

SGLT inhibitors on weight and body mass: A meta-analysis of 116 randomized-controlled trials

Alex Jia Yang Cheong  1 , Yao Neng Teo  1 , Yao Hao Teo  1 , Nicholas L Syn  1 , How Ting Ong  1 , Adriel Z H Ting  1 , Alys Z Q Chia  1 , Elliot Yeung Chong  1 , Mark Y Chan  1   2 , Chi-Hang Lee  1   2 , Amanda Yuan Ling Lim  3 , William K F Kong  1   2 , Raymond C C Wong  1   2 , Ping Chai  1   2 , Ching-Hui Sia  1   2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

SGLT inhibitors on weight and body mass: A meta-analysis of 116 randomized-controlled trials

Alex Jia Yang Cheong et al. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2022 Jan.

Abstract

Objective: Multiple trials have demonstrated the metabolic effects of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in patients regardless of diabetes status, and recent trials have been conducted on the combined sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT1/SGLT2) inhibitors. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the weight reduction effects and dose-response relationship of SGLT inhibitors and to assess the relative efficacy of SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitors.

Methods: Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus) were searched on November 21, 2020, for articles published from January 1, 2000, up to November 21, 2020.

Results: In total, 116 randomized-controlled trials were included, with a combined cohort of 98,497 patients. Overall, patients had a mean weight reduction of -1.79 kg (95% CI: -1.93 to -1.66, p < 0.001) compared with placebo. This effect was observed across diabetes status, duration of follow-up, various comorbidities, and all SGLT drug types. Mean BMI changes were -0.71 kg/m2 (95% CI: -0.94 to -0.47, p < 0.001) compared with placebo. Canagliflozin, empagliflozin, sotagliflozin, and licogliflozin showed a dose-response relationship for mean weight change. Compared with SGLT2 inhibitors, SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitors had a significantly larger reduction in weight.

Conclusions: SGLT inhibitors demonstrated weight reduction benefits in this meta-analysis. Further studies are needed to clarify their role in weight management.

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References

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