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Review
. 2022 Jan;305(1):137-151.
doi: 10.1111/imr.13056. Epub 2021 Dec 21.

Epigenetic regulation of inflammation by CxxC domain-containing proteins

Atsushi Onodera  1   2 , Masahiro Kiuchi  1 , Kota Kokubo  1 , Toshinori Nakayama  1   3
Affiliations
Review

Epigenetic regulation of inflammation by CxxC domain-containing proteins

Atsushi Onodera et al. Immunol Rev. 2022 Jan.

Abstract

Epigenetic regulation of gene transcription in the immune system is important for proper control of protective and pathogenic inflammation. Aberrant epigenetic modifications are often associated with dysregulation of the immune cells, including lymphocytes and macrophages, leading to pathogenic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Two classical epigenetic markers-histone modifications and DNA cytosine methylation, the latter is the 5 position of the cytosine base in the context of CpG dinucleotides-play multiple roles in the immune system. CxxC domain-containing proteins, which basically bind to the non-methylated CpG (i.e., epigenetic "readers"), often function as "writers" of the epigenetic markers via their catalytic domain within the proteins or by interacting with other epigenetic modifiers. We herein report the most recent advances in our understanding of the functions of CxxC domain-containing proteins in the immune system and inflammation, mainly focusing on T cells and macrophages.

Keywords: DNA methylation; helper T cells; ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins; trithorax.

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References

REFERENCES

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