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. 2021 Nov 15;43(6):484-491.

Acrylated Hydroxyazobenzene Copolymers in Composite-Resin Matrix Inhibits Streptococcus mutans Biofilms In Vitro

Dylan I Mori  1 , Alexa Powell  2 , Gannon M Kehe  3 , Michael J Schurr  4 , Devatha P Nair  5 , Chaitanya P Puranik  6
Affiliations

Acrylated Hydroxyazobenzene Copolymers in Composite-Resin Matrix Inhibits Streptococcus mutans Biofilms In Vitro

Dylan I Mori et al. Pediatr Dent. .

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of acrylated hydroxyazobenzene (AHA) copolymers in a composite-resin matrix on Streptococcus mutans (SM) biofilms. Methods: The AHA was synthesized and polymerized within a bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (bisGMA:TEGDMA) matrix while bisGMA:TEGDMA discs served as controls. The cytotoxicity of AHA was determined using a cell viability assay. Sucrose-dependent SM biofilms were grown on the AHA and control substrates. At 24 hours and after mechanical toothbrushing (equivalent to six months), the number of live SM was quantified on the substrates and in the surrounding media. Microscopic images of the substrates were captured after live-dead staining. Results: The AHA substrates were as biocompatible as bisGMA: TEGDMA substrates. The microscopic images and quantification demonstrated no live SM on the AHA substrates and in the surrounding media as compared to the controls. The inhibitory efficacy of AHA substrates on SM biofilm was intact even after mechanical toothbrushing. Conclusions: Acrylated hydroxyazobenzene in a composite-resin matrix completely inhibits SM proliferation growth and demonstrates a zone of SM inhibition. The antibacterial propertyof AHA could be harnessed for caries prevention in high caries-risk children by incorporating AHA into the restorative and sealant materials.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interests: Dr. Mori declared no conflicts of interest

Conflicts of interests: Ms. Powell declared no conflicts of interest

Conflicts of interests: Mr. Kehe declared no conflicts of interest

Conflicts of interests: Dr. Schurr declared no conflicts of interest

Conflicts of interests: Dr. Nair declared no conflicts of interest

Conflicts of interests: Dr. Puranik declared no conflicts of interest

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Overview of the study design
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Percent cell viability of L929 epithelial cells on control and AHA (1.5wt.% and 2.0wt.%) substrates. All values were normalized to a positive control with cells grown in the absence of a substrate (n=3). N.S.: no statistically significant difference.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Colony forming units (CFUs) of SM on substrates (grey bar) and respective media (black bar) from the control, 1.5wt.% and 2.0wt.% AHA substrates. AHA substrates where devoid of live SM on its surface or in the respective media (n=3). Note: P values <0.001 are denoted as asterisk (*).
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Colony forming units (CFUs) of SM on control, not brushed or brushed 1.5wt.% AHA substrates (grey bar) and respective media (black bar). No live SM cells were noted on brushed or not brushed AHA substrate or in its media (n=3). Note: P values <0.001 are denoted as asterisk (*).
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