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. 2021 Dec 13:2021:1255187.
doi: 10.1155/2021/1255187. eCollection 2021.

Descriptive Analysis of Typhoid Fever Surveillance Data in the Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia (2015-2019)

Getaneh Atikilt Yemata  1 , Chalachew Yenew  1 , Melkalem Mamuye  1 , Mulu Tiruneh  1 , Tigabnesh Assfaw  1 , Sileshi Mulatu  2 , Ermias Sisay  3 , Fitalew Tadele  4
Affiliations

Descriptive Analysis of Typhoid Fever Surveillance Data in the Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia (2015-2019)

Getaneh Atikilt Yemata et al. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Introduction: Typhoid fever is a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe, and it is a serious illness in developing countries. Typhoid fever is prevalent in Ethiopia, and the burden differs with diverse demography, environment, and climate. The study aimed to determine the incidence of typhoid fever cases by person, place, and time.

Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the five years (2015-2019) of surveillance data of typhoid fever in the Jimma Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The data were extracted from the zonal health management information system database from May to June 2020. SPSS version 21 was used to enter and analyze the data. Descriptive analysis was used to assess the distribution of typhoid fever incidence in time, place, and personal groups.

Result: A total of 36,641 individuals suffered from typhoid fever during the five years. Among these, 18,972 (51.8%) were females and 17,669 (48.2%) were males. Incidence of typhoid fever was found as follows: 216, 198, 203, 264, and 299 cases per 100,000 persons were reported during 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Typhoid fever cases were increased by 1.4 from 2015-2019. A high incidence of cases was observed at the start of wet months. The majority of the investigated cases were identified in Kersa, 4,476 (12.2%), Gomma, 4,075 (11.1%), and Mana, 3,267 (8.9%), woredas. Of the total, 151 (0.4%) of the reported cases were admitted for inpatient care. During the five years of surveillance data, death was not reported from all woredas. Conclusion and Recommendation. Typhoid fever was a major public health problem in the Jimma Zone for the last 5 years, and it was increased through the years. Zonal health departments should strengthen the interventions focused on the woredas that had a high burden of typhoid fever at the start of the wet months.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Map of the Jimma Zone in the Oromia Region, Ethiopia [13].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of typhoid fever cases by sex and age category in the Jimma Zone, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia, from 2015 to 2019.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Distribution of typhoid fever incidence by year in the Jimma Zone, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia, from 2015–2019.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Trends of typhoid fever by months in the Jimma Zone, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia, from 2015 to 2019.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Typhoid fever cases by woredas in the Jimma Zone, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia, from 2015 to 2019.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Distribution of typhoid fever morbidity on admission by woredas of the Jimma Zone, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Number of health facilities expected to be reported by year in the Jimma Zone, Oromia Region, from 2015 to 2019.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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