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Review
. 2021 Dec 19;10(12):1350.
doi: 10.3390/biology10121350.

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of miRNAs after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Review

Ewelina Błażejowska  1 , Tomasz Urbanowicz  2 , Aleksandra Gąsecka  1 , Anna Olasińska-Wiśniewska  2 , Miłosz J Jaguszewski  3 , Radosław Targoński  3 , Łukasz Szarpak  4 , Krzysztof J Filipiak  4 , Bartłomiej Perek  2 , Marek Jemielity  2
Affiliations
Review

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of miRNAs after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Review

Ewelina Błażejowska et al. Biology (Basel). .

Abstract

MiRNAs are noncoding, 21-24 nucleotide-long RNA particles that control over 60% of genes. MiRNAs affect gene expression through binding to the 3'-untranslated region of messenger RNA (mRNA), thus inhibiting mRNA translation or inducing mRNA degradation. MiRNAs have been associated with various cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, or ischemic heart disease. In addition, miRNA expression alters during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, which could be used to predict perioperative outcomes. CABG is an operation in which complex coronary arteries stenosis is treated by bypassing atherosclerotic lesions with venous or arterial grafts. Despite a very low perioperative mortality rate and excellent long-term survival, CABG is associated with postoperative complications, including reperfusion injury, graft failure, atrial fibrillation and perioperative myocardial infarction. So far, no reliable diagnostic and prognostic tools to predict prognosis after CABG have been developed. Changes in the perioperative miRNA expression levels could improve the diagnosis of post-CABG myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation and could be used to stratify risk after CABG. Herein, we describe the expression changes of different subtypes of miRNAs during CABG and review the diagnostic and prognostic utility of miRNAs in patients undergoing CABG.

Keywords: biomarkers; coronary artery bypass grafting; coronary artery disease; diagnosis; miRNA; prognosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Impact of overexpression and inhibition of miRNAs on cardiac cell survival. Abbreviations: PARP (Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase); DAPK2 (Death-associated protein kinase 2); CASP9 (Caspase 9); FOXO (Forkhead box O); BCl2 (B-cell lymphoma 2); Bax (BCL2 associated X); IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1); AKIP1 (A kinase interacting protein 1).
Figure 2
Figure 2
MiRNA expression changes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). ACS (acute coronary syndrome); cTnI (cardiac troponin I); cTnT (cardiac troponin T); EF (ejection fraction); MI (myocardial infarction); PMI (perioperative myocardial infarction).
Figure 3
Figure 3
MiRNA expression changes in patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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