Higher Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index is Associated With Higher Likelihood of Peripheral Arterial Disease

Abstract

Purpose: To explore the association between SII (Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index) and PAD (peripheral arterial disease) in American adults.

Methods: Related data from NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) database (1999-2004) were collected and analyzed. PAD was diagnosed by ankle brachial index assessment. The association between SII and prevalent PAD was assessed using multivariable logistic regression.

Results: A total of 6,576 eligible subjects (including 6117 subjects without PAD and 459 with PAD) were finally enrolled in the study, among which there were 3,187 females and 3,389 males with a mean SII of 585.3 ± 401.5. The age of the subjects with PAD was larger compared to those without PAD (70.2 ± 11.8 vs. 58.7 ± 12.5), and the incidence of chronic diseases, that's CAD, diabetes and hypertension, was higher in those without PAD (P < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression indicated that a high SII level was an independent risk factor for PAD (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.18- 1.93, P = 0.0012) after adjusting for body mass index, race, sex, age, diabetes mellitus (yes/no), hypertension (yes/no), and cardiovascular disease (yes/no).

Conclusions: It is suggested that a higher SII is associated with a higher risk of PAD.

Keywords: 42 NHANES; Independent risk factor; Multivariable logistic regression; Peripheral arterial disease; Systemic immune-inflammation index.