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Review
. 2021 Dec 7;27(45):7792-7800.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i45.7792.

Gut microbiome in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and specific changes associated with acute graft vs host disease

Quentin Le Bastard  1 , Patrice Chevallier  2 , Emmanuel Montassier  3
Affiliations
Review

Gut microbiome in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and specific changes associated with acute graft vs host disease

Quentin Le Bastard et al. World J Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is a standard validated therapy for patients suffering from malignant and nonmalignant hematological diseases. However, aHSCT procedures are limited by potentially life-threatening complications, and one of the most serious complications is acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). During the last decades, DNA sequencing technologies were used to investigate relationship between composition or function of the gut microbiome and disease states. Even if it remains unclear whether these microbiome alterations are causative or secondary to the presence of the disease, they may be useful for diagnosis, prevention and therapy in aHSCT recipients. Here, we summarized the most recent findings of the association between human gut microbiome changes and acute GVHD in patients receiving aHSCT.

Keywords: Acute graft vs host disease; Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Biomarkers; Composition; DNA sequencing technologies; Function; Gut microbiome; Transplants.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no conflict of interest associated with any of the senior author or other coauthors who contributed their efforts in this manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Gut microbiota changes during the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation procedure. A: Healthy state with diverse and rich gut microbiota; B: Following conditioning regimen, gut microbiome alterations are marked by a drastic loss of diversity, a significant decrease in micro-organisms associated with health-promoting effects, and with a significant increase or domination, defined as occupation of at least 30% of the microbiota by a single predominating bacterial taxon, by potentially pathobionts. Allo-HSCT: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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