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. 2022 Jan;129(1):105-114.
doi: 10.1007/s00702-021-02439-4. Epub 2021 Dec 30.

Sex differences in schizophrenia: a longitudinal methylome analysis

Christopher Adanty  1 , Jessica Qian  1 , Nzaar Al-Chalabi  1 , Ali Bani Fatemi  1 , Philip Gerretsen  1 , Ariel Graff  1 , Vincenzo De Luca  2
Affiliations

Sex differences in schizophrenia: a longitudinal methylome analysis

Christopher Adanty et al. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2022 Jan.

Abstract

DNA methylation analysis at the genome-wide level is a useful tool to explore potential sex differences in SCZ patients. The primary aim of the current study was to identify differentially methylated regions of DNA between males and females with schizophrenia. We collected DNA samples from 134 schizophrenia patients to measure genome-wide methylation at single-base resolution in 96 males and 38 females. We further repeated the analysis in 13 subjects (9 females, 4 males) to confirm the sex differences and to reduce the effect of potential confounders. The longitudinal methylation analysis found significant replication of several genes across the genome. These genes included RFTN1, TLE1, DAZL, PRR4, UTP14C, RNU12, and LOC644649. The overall results showed robust association between autosomal CpG sites and sex. Longitudinal methylation analysis can be used as internal replication to confirm epigenetic variants that are stable over time.

Keywords: DNA methylation; Schizophrenia; Sexual dimorphism.

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