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. 2022 Mar;44(3):e2100143.
doi: 10.1002/bies.202100143. Epub 2021 Dec 29.

The flagellar germ-line hypothesis: How flagellate and ciliate gametes significantly shaped the evolution of organismal complexity

Charles B Lindemann  1
Affiliations

The flagellar germ-line hypothesis: How flagellate and ciliate gametes significantly shaped the evolution of organismal complexity

Charles B Lindemann. Bioessays. 2022 Mar.

Abstract

This essay presents a hypothesis which contends that the development of organismic complexity in the eukaryotes depended extensively on propagation via flagellated and ciliated gametes. Organisms utilizing flagellate and ciliate gametes to propagate their germ line have contributed most of the organismic complexity found in the higher animals. The genes of the flagellum and the flagellar assembly system (intraflagellar transport) have played a disproportionately important role in the construction of complex tissues and organs. The hypothesis also proposes that competition between large numbers of haploid flagellated male gametes rigorously conserved the functionality of a key set of flagellar genes for more than 700 million years. This in turn has insured that a large set (>600) of highly functional cytoskeletal and signal pathway genes is always present in the lineage of organisms with flagellated or ciliated gametes to act as a dependable resource, or "toolkit," for organ elaboration. Also see the video abstract here: https://youtu.be/lC5nC-WOcm8.

Keywords: IFT; development; flagellar germ line; gametes; intraflagellar transport; organs.

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