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. 2021 Dec;22(6):287-295.
doi: 10.7181/acfs.2021.00598. Epub 2021 Dec 20.

Current trends in orthognathic surgery

Hyung Joon Seo  1 , Youn-Kyung Choi  2
Affiliations

Current trends in orthognathic surgery

Hyung Joon Seo et al. Arch Craniofac Surg. 2021 Dec.

Abstract

Orthognathic surgery has steadily evolved, gradually expanding its scope of application beyond its original purpose of simply correcting malocclusion and the facial profile. For instance, it is now used to treat obstructive sleep apnea and to achieve purely cosmetic outcomes. Recent developments in three-dimensional digital technology are being utilized throughout the entire process of orthognathic surgery, from establishing a surgical plan to printing the surgical splint. These processes have made it possible to perform more sophisticated surgery. The goal of this review article is to introduce current trends in the field of orthognathic surgery and controversies that are under active discussion. The role of a plastic surgeon is not limited to performing orthognathic surgery itself, but also encompasses deep involvement throughout the entire process, including the set-up of surgical occlusion and overall surgical planning. The authors summarize various aspects in the field of orthognathic surgery with the hope of providing helpful information both for plastic surgeons and orthodontists who are interested in orthognathic surgery.

Keywords: Cleft surgery; Facial asymmetry; Jaw surgery; Malocclusion; Obstructive sleep apnea; Orthognathic surgery.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
A case of two-jaw orthognathic surgery with conventional approach. (A) Before preoperative orthodontic treatment. (B, C) During the treatment, dental decompensation caused a progressive deterioration of the facial profile (blue arrows) and dental function (yellow arrow).
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Computer simulation of orthognathic surgery. (A) Asians have a relatively flat facial profile, which is closely related to a low occlusal plane angle. (B) After simulation, a high occlusal plane is achieved.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
The change of the occlusal plane angle has a great influence on the facial profile. (A) Preoperative and (B) postoperative photographs of a man with two-jaw orthognathic surgery without any orthodontic treatment.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
Computer-generated three-dimensional surgical occlusion splint using surgery-first approach. Reprinted from Seo et al. J Clin Med 2019;8:2116 [15].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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