Modern contraceptive use among adolescent girls and young women in Benin: a mixed-methods study

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to assess the determinants of modern contraceptive method use among young women in Benin.

Design: A mixed-methods design.

Setting and participants: We used the Benin 2017-2018 Demographic and Health Survey datasets for quantitative analysis. Data collection was conducted using multiple-cluster sampling method and through household survey. Qualitative part was conducted in the city of Allada, one of the Fon cultural capitals in Benin. The participants were purposively selected.

Outcomes: Contraceptive prevalence rate, unmet need for modern method and percentage of demand satisfied by a modern method for currently married and sexually active unmarried women were measured in the quantitative part. Access barriers and utilisation of modern methods were assessed in the qualitative part.

Results: Overall, 8.5% (95% CI 7.7% to 9.5%) among young women ages 15-24 were using modern contraceptives and 13% (12.1% to 14.0%) among women ages 25 or more. Women 15-24 had a higher unmet need, and a lower demand satisfied by modern contraceptive methods compared with women ages 25 or more. 60.8% (56.9% to 64.7%) of all unmarried young women had unmet need for modern contraceptives. Young women were more likely to use male condoms which they obtain mainly from for-profit outlets, pharmacies and relatives. The factors associated with demand satisfied by a modern method were literacy, being unmarried, knowing a greater number of modern contraceptive methods and experiencing barriers in access to health services. On the other hand, the qualitative study found that barriers to using modern methods include community norms about pre-marital sexual intercourse, perceptions about young women's fertility, spousal consent and the use of non-modern contraceptives.

Conclusion: Contraceptive use is low among young women in Benin. The use of modern contraceptives is influenced by sociodemographic factors and social norms. Appropriate interventions might promote comprehensive sexuality education, increase community engagement, provide youth-friendly services and address gender inequalities.

Keywords: health policy; health services administration & management; public health.

Figure 1

A conceptual model of the barriers to access and utilisation of contraception services from qualitative analyses.