Socioeconomic status, alcohol use disorders, and depression: A population-based study

Aurélie M Lasserre¹, Sameer Imtiaz², Michael Roerecke³, Markus Heilig⁴, Charlotte Probst⁵, Jürgen Rehm⁶

Affiliations

¹ Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 23, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: aurelie.lasserre@chuv.ch.
² Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada.
³ Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada.
⁴ Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
⁵ Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
⁶ Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy & Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187 Dresden, Germany; Department of International Health Projects, Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya str., 8, b. 2, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, 81-95 Roc Boronat St., 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.

PMID: 34986374
PMCID: PMC8849577
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.132

Socioeconomic status, alcohol use disorders, and depression: A population-based study

Aurélie M Lasserre et al. J Affect Disord. 2022.

. 2022 Mar 15:301:331-336.

doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.132. Epub 2022 Jan 2.

Authors

Aurélie M Lasserre¹, Sameer Imtiaz², Michael Roerecke³, Markus Heilig⁴, Charlotte Probst⁵, Jürgen Rehm⁶

Affiliations

¹ Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 23, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: aurelie.lasserre@chuv.ch.
² Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada.
³ Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada.
⁴ Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
⁵ Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
⁶ Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy & Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187 Dresden, Germany; Department of International Health Projects, Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya str., 8, b. 2, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, 81-95 Roc Boronat St., 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.

PMID: 34986374
PMCID: PMC8849577
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.132

Abstract

Background: Depressive disorders (DD) and alcohol use disorders (AUD) frequently co-occur. They are key to understanding the current increases in "deaths of despair" among individuals with lower socioeconomic status (SES). The aim of this study was to assess the prospective bidirectional associations between AUD and DD, as well as the effect of SES on these two conditions.

Methods: The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions is a cohort study representative of the US adult population, which began in 2001-2002, with follow-up interviews conducted 3 years later. SES was primarily operationalized as educational attainment. AUD, DD, and their levels of severity were defined according to the DSM-5 criteria.

Results: The risk of developing an incident DD increased gradually with the recency and the severity of AUD at baseline, but the converse was not observed. Lower SES was an independent risk for incident AUD or DD. SES did not modify the prospective association between AUD and DD.

Limitations: The absence of interaction between SES and moderate or severe AUD for the incident DD must be considered with caution due to the limited number of DD cases reported in these AUD categories.

Conclusions: This result is consistent with a causal relationship between AUD and DD, and suggests that therapeutic interventions for AUD may also have beneficial effects to lower DD rates. The independent effects of a lower SES and AUD on DD may result in a vulnerable population cumulating disorders with heavy consequences on health and social well-being.

Keywords: Alcohol consumption; Cohort; Depressive disorders; Educational attainment; General population; Interaction; Severity of mental disorders.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations of interest

All other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

References

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Socioeconomic status, alcohol use disorders, and depression: A population-based study

Affiliations

Socioeconomic status, alcohol use disorders, and depression: A population-based study

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources