Immunolymphoscintigraphy and the dose dependence of 111In-labeled T101 monoclonal antibody in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

Abstract

Serial gamma camera imaging was performed in 11 patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma after s.c. injection between the toes of 111In-labeled T101, a pan T-cell monoclonal antibody. Two of the patients also received 111In-labeled 9.2.27, an isotype-matched control monoclonal antibody. Three doses of T101 (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg), coupled with 0.5 mCi 111In, were used to measure lymph node uptake and dose response. A single 0.5-mg (0.5 mCi) dose of 111In-9.2.27 was used as control antibody to assess nonspecific uptake. Low-dose (0.1 mg) T101 administration produced rapid, intense uptake in inguinal-femoral and iliac nodes with minimal uptake in the paraaortic nodes and liver. The 0.5-mg dose and higher produced consistent uptake in all subdiaphragmatic nodes with greatest accumulation of liver activity at the 1.0-mg dose. In the two control studies, the ratio of specific:nonspecific antibody uptake in the inguinal-femoral, iliac, and paraaortic nodes averaged 7.7,5.9, and 1.9 at 48 h, respectively. In another patient, inguinal-femoral node biopsy contained over 2% of the injected dose of 111In-T101 per gram at 7 days. These findings suggest efficient and specific antibody binding in nodes nearest to the injection site, with progressive uptake of remaining antibody in more distant nodes as proximal sites approach saturation. Higher doses increase overflow of unbound antibody into the systemic circulation. There appears to be an optimal s.c. dose of approximately 0.5 mg (0.25 mg/foot) for T101 immunolymphoscintigraphy of subdiaphragmatic lymph nodes in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.