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Review
. 2021 Dec 15;17(5):22-30.
doi: 10.14797/mdcvj.1038. eCollection 2021.

Acute and Subclinical Myocardial Injury in COVID-19

Valentina L Crudo  1 , Ahmed I Ahmed  1 , Eilidh L Cowan  1 , Dipan J Shah  1 , Mouaz H Al-Mallah  1 , Maan Malahfji  1
Affiliations
Review

Acute and Subclinical Myocardial Injury in COVID-19

Valentina L Crudo et al. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J. .

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic that, at the time of this writing, has led to 178,000,000 cases worldwide and more than 3,875,000 deaths. Cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 have become the focus of investigation after many hospitalized COVID-19 patients-with or without established cardiovascular disease-incurred clinical or subclinical myocardial injury, including isolated biomarker elevations, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, heart failure, myocarditis, and cardiogenic shock. In this review, we highlight the most recent evidence of the prevalence and potential etiologies of acute and subclinical myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients.

Keywords: COVID-19; cardiovascular disease; coronavirus; myocardial injury; myocarditis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Dr. Malahfji receives support from the Houston Methodist Research Institute; Dr. Al-Mallah receives research support from Siemens, unrelated to this work, and is a consultant for Pfizer and Philips; and Dr. Shah receives support from the National Science Foundation (CNS-1931884) and the Beverly B. and Daniel C. Arnold Distinguished Centennial Chair Endowment. All other authors have completed and submitted the Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal Conflict of Interest Statement and none were reported.

Figures

Risk factors for cardiovascular involvement of COVID-19 and possible complications
Figure 1
Risk factors for cardiovascular involvement of COVID-19 and possible complications.
Cardiac magnetic resonance image of 25-year-old healthy male complaining
Figure 2
Cardiac magnetic resonance image of 25-year-old healthy male complaining of persistent chest pain and palpitations 5 weeks after COVID-19 diagnosis. Mild late-gadolinium enhancement can be visualized in the basal inferior and inferolateral myocardial wall. Holter monitoring showed frequent premature ventricular beats.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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