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. 2021 Dec 19;14(1):2012390.
doi: 10.1080/20002297.2021.2012390. eCollection 2022.

Thermoresponsive sol-gel containing probiotic's cell free supernatant for dental caries prophylaxis

Panithi Raknam  1 , Neelam Balekar  2 , Rawee Teanpaisan  3 , Thanaporn Amnuaikit  1
Affiliations

Thermoresponsive sol-gel containing probiotic's cell free supernatant for dental caries prophylaxis

Panithi Raknam et al. J Oral Microbiol. .

Abstract

Background: Lactobacillus rhamnosus SD11 is a probiotic derived from the human oral cavity and has potential being used for dental prophylaxis. The cell free supernatant (CFS) of L. rhamnosus SD11 has good antimicrobial and antioxidant effects.

Aim: This study aimed to incorporate CFS of the probiotic into thermoresponsive copolymers to create a sol-gel formulation.

Methods: The sol-gel formulation was developed using Poloxamer 407 as the main polymer, which was mixed with natural polymers such as gellan gum, sodium alginate, and xyloglucan in different proportions. The sol-gel formulations were characterized based on their physicochemical parameters such as appearance, pH, viscosity, flow-ability in low temperature, antioxidant and antibacterial activity. An in vitro release study was performed using Franz's diffusion cell and the stability was determined under freeze-thaw cycle conditions.

Results: The combination of 15% w/v of poloxamer 407 with 0.5% w/v of sodium alginate was the best sol-gel formulation to deliver the CFS of the probiotic.

Conclusion: This study was successful in creating a sol-gel formulation using a thermoresponsive copolymer, that could efficiently deliver CFS of the probiotic L. rhamnosus SD11.

Keywords: Cell free supernatant; Lactobacillus rhamnosus SD11; dental caries; poloxamer 407; thermoresponsive polymer.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
A flow chart of development and evaluation of CFS sol–gel formulations
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
A tree diagram of properties criteria for selection of blank copolymer solutions
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
The root canal dental model
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Appearance of the selected CFS of L. rhamnosus SD11 sol–gel formulations. P2-20, P2-30 and P2-50 composed of poloxamer 407(16% w/w) and CFS, but the concentration of CFS was different in these formulations which was 6.5, 10 and 16% w/w respectively. A4-30 and A5-30 contained CFS (10% w/w) and sodium alginate (0.5% w/w), but they had different concentrations of poloxamer 407 which were 15 and 16% w/w respectively
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
The inhibition zone of CFS of L. rhamnosus SD11 sol–gel formulation A4-30 (A), and blank sol–gel formulations P2 (B) and A4 (C)
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Rheological flow curve of CFS of L. rhamnosus SD11 sol–gel formulations P2-50, A4-30, A5-30 and blank sol–gel formulations P2 and A4
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
SEM photographs of CFS of L. rhamnosus SD11 sol–gel formulations P2-50 (A), A4-30 (B), A5-30 (C) with 200 X, 1,000 X and 5, 000 X magnification
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Release profile of formulations containing CFS of L. rhamnosus SD11. P2-50 was composed of poloxamer 407 (16% w/w) and CFS (16% w/w), A4-30 was composed of poloxamer 407 (15% w/w), sodium alginate (0.5% w/w) and CFS (10% w/w), A5-30 was composed of poloxamer 407 (16% w/w), sodium alginate (0.5% w/w) and CFS (10% w/w). All data are expressed as mean ± SD, n = 5. * is significant difference (P-value = 0.039) between A4-30 and A5-30
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
Appearance of formulations containing CFS of L. rhamnosus SD11 before and after freeze-thaw cycles
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References

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