Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Dec;45(6):413-421.
doi: 10.5535/arm.21034. Epub 2021 Dec 31.

Activity, Participation, and Goal Awareness After Acquired Brain Injury: A Prospective Observational Study of Inpatient Rehabilitation

Zoe Adey-Wakeling  1   2 , Laura Jolliffe  3   4 , Elizabeth O'Shannessy  3 , Peter Hunter  3 , Jacqui Morarty  3 , Ian D Cameron  5 , Enwu Liu  1   6 , Natasha A Lannin  3   4   7
Affiliations

Activity, Participation, and Goal Awareness After Acquired Brain Injury: A Prospective Observational Study of Inpatient Rehabilitation

Zoe Adey-Wakeling et al. Ann Rehabil Med. 2021 Dec.

Abstract

Objective: To examine the frequency and timing of inpatient engagement in meaningful activities within rehabilitation (within and outside of structured therapy times) and determine the associations between activity type, goal awareness, and patient affect.

Methods: This prospective observational study performed behavioral mapping in a 42-bed inpatient brain injury rehabilitation unit by recording patient activity every 15 minutes (total 42 hours). The participants were randomly selected rehabilitation inpatients with acquired brain injury; all completed the study. The main outcome measures included patient demographics, observation of activity, participation, goal awareness, and affect.

Results: The inpatients spent 61% of the therapeutic day (8:30 to 16:30) in their single room and were alone 49% of the time. They were physically socially inactive for 76% and 74% of their awake time, respectively, with neutral affect observed for about half of this time. Goal-related activities were recorded for only 25% of the inpatients' awake time. The odds of physical activity were 10.3-fold higher among in patients receiving support to address their goals within their rehabilitation program (odds ratio=10.3; 95% confidence interval, 5.02-21.16).

Conclusion: Inpatients in a mixed brain injury rehabilitation unit spent a large amount of their awake hours inactive and only participated in goal-related activities for a quarter of their awake time. Rehabilitation models that increase opportunities for physical, cognitive, and social activities outside of allied health sessions are recommended to increase overall activity levels during inpatient rehabilitation.

Keywords: Activity analysis; Brain injury; Environment; Multidisciplinary; Rehabilitation.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

References

    1. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare . Canberra, Australia: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2007. Disability in Australia: acquired brain injury [Internet] [cited 2021 Dec 15]. Available from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/1f719b27-6b93-434a-b0e6-997b4ead061a/bu....
    1. Royal College of Physicians. Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party . London, UK: Royal College of Physicians; 2016. National clinical guidelines for stroke, 5th edition [Internet] [cited 2021 Dec 15]. Available from: https://www.strokeaudit.org/Guideline/Full-Guideline.aspx.
    1. Stroke Foundation . Melbourne, Australia: Stroke Foundation; 2017. Clinical guidelines for stroke management [Internet] [cited 2021 Dec 15]. Available from: https://informme.org.au/Guidelines/Clinical-Guidelines-for-Stroke-Manage....
    1. Royal Australasian College of Physician . Sydney, Australia: Royal Australasian College of Physician; 2012. Standards for the provision of inpatient adult rehabilitation medicine services in public and private hospitals 2011 [Internet] [cited 2021 Dec 15]. Available from: https://www.racp.edu.au/docs/default-source/policy-and-adv/afrm/afrm-sta.... - PubMed
    1. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence . London, UK: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence; 2013. Mental wellbeing of older people in care homes – Quality standard [QS50] - Quality statement 1: Participation in meaningful activity [Internet] [cited 2021 Dec 15]. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/qs50/chapter/quality-statement-1-partic....

LinkOut - more resources