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. 2022 Feb;16(2):38.
doi: 10.3892/mco.2021.2471. Epub 2021 Dec 20.

Real-world data in elderly men from Yokosuka City 15 years after introducing prostate-specific antigen-based population screening

Takuma Nirei  1 , Tadashi Tabei  1 , Naoki Sakai  2 , Hideshige Koh  3 , Minoru Yoshida  4 , Atsushi Fujikawa  5 , Hiroki Ito  1 , Sohgo Tsutsumi  1 , Souichi Furuhata  6 , Sumio Noguchi  7 , Masataka Taguri  8 , Kazuki Kobayashi  1
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Real-world data in elderly men from Yokosuka City 15 years after introducing prostate-specific antigen-based population screening

Takuma Nirei et al. Mol Clin Oncol. 2022 Feb.

Abstract

Mass screening based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) reduces mortality in prostate cancer. However, the effectiveness of this screening in the elderly has not been demonstrated. In the city of Yokosuka, Japan, PSA screening has been conducted since 2001 and the present study examined the real-world status of PSA-based population screening in the elderly. It retrospectively evaluated 1,117 prostate cancer patients >75 years of age. The patients were divided into two groups: The screened group comprising patients diagnosed by PSA-based population screening or workplace screening and PSA follow-up patients at urology clinics; and the non-screened group comprising patients detected by other methods. Overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and factors contributing to shorter CSS between the groups were compared. In patients >75 years of age, the screened group had significantly longer OS (171 vs. 154 months; P=0.019) and CSS (median not reached; P=0.020) but screening was not an independent factor associated with prolonged OS or CSS on multivariate analysis. The factors contributing to shorten CSS in the elderly were ≥T3 (odds ratio: 3.301 [1.704-6.369], P<0.001), M1 (odds ratio: 4.856 [2.809-8.393], P<0.001) and Gleason score ≥8 (odds ratio: 4.691 [2.479-8.876], P<0.001). In those with metastasis, PSA screening was not associated with prolonged OS or CSS. Real-world data 15 years after introducing PSA-based population screening was not an independent factor for both OS and CSS in multivariate analyses for patients >75 years of age.

Keywords: early diagnosis; mass screening; mortality; prostate cancer; prostatic neoplasm.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The results of Kaplan-Meier curve. (A) Kaplan-Meier curve of overall survival. (B) Kaplan-Meier curve of cancer-specific survival. (C) Kaplan-Meier curve of overall survival in patients with metastasis. (D) Kaplan-Meier curve of cancer-specific survival in patients with metastasis. S, screened group; NS, non-screened group
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