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. 2021 Dec 24:8:770362.
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.770362. eCollection 2021.

Serum Sodium Concentration and Increased Risk for Primary Epiretinal Membrane

Can Can Xue  1   2 , Jing Cui  3 , Xiao Bo Zhu  4 , Jie Xu  2 , Chun Zhang  1 , Dong Ning Chen  3 , Ya Xing Wang  2 , Jost B Jonas  2   5   6   7
Affiliations

Serum Sodium Concentration and Increased Risk for Primary Epiretinal Membrane

Can Can Xue et al. Front Med (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Aims: To examine the prevalence of primary epiretinal membranes (ERMs) and associated systemic factors. Methods: The cross-sectional, community-based Tongren Health Care Study enrolled participants who received regular health examinations in the Beijing Tongren Hospital from 2017 to 2019. Using fundus photographs, retinal specialists assessed the presence of ERMs and their systemic associations. Results: Primary ERMs were detected in 841/22820 individuals, with a prevalence of 3.7% [95% confidence intervals (CI): 3.4-3.9%] in the total study population (mean age: 44.5 ± 13.8 years) and 6.5% (95% CI: 6.1-7.0%) in individuals aged 40+ years. In multivariable analysis, a higher ERMs prevalence was associated with older age [odds ratio (OR): 1.10; P < 0.001], higher serum cholesterol concentration (OR: 1.14; P = 0.003) and higher serum sodium concentration (SSC) (OR: 1.12; P < 0.001). In women, a higher SSC, even within the normal range, was associated with an increased risk of ERMs (OR: 1.19; P < 0.001). Female participants with an SSC of 144-145mmol/L as compared with those with an SSC of 135-137 mmol/L had a 5-fold increased odds of having ERMs (All women: OR: 5.33; P < 0.001; Women aged 40+years: OR: 4.63; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Besides older age and higher serum cholesterol concentration, a higher SSC, even if within the normal range, was independently associated with a higher ERM prevalence in women.

Keywords: associated factors; epidemiology; epiretinal membrane; prevalence; serum sodium.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Serum sodium concentration with age in male and female gender. Figure was shown with mean value (solid line) and 1/2 standard deviation (shadow).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The prevalence of primary epiretinal membrane in male and female participants, stratified by the serum sodium concentration.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Three-dimensional surface plot visualizing the functional associations between the presence of primary epiretinal membrane and two dependent variables including age and serum sodium concentration in female participants aged 40 and over. An increase in epiretinal membrane prevalence with an increased sodium level was not dependent on age.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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