Effectiveness of long-term opioid therapy among chronic non-cancer pain patients attending multidisciplinary pain treatment clinics: A Quebec Pain Registry study
- PMID: 35005371
- PMCID: PMC8730575
- DOI: 10.1080/24740527.2018.1451252
Effectiveness of long-term opioid therapy among chronic non-cancer pain patients attending multidisciplinary pain treatment clinics: A Quebec Pain Registry study
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate in a real-life context the effectiveness of long-term opioid therapy for reducing pain intensity and interference and improving health-related quality of life (QOL) in patients with chronic noncancer pain.
Methods: Participants were 893 patients (age = 52.4 ± 14.1, female = 62.4%) enrolled in the Quebec Pain Registry (2008-2011) who completed questionnaires before their first visit at one of three multidisciplinary pain management clinics and 6 and 12 months thereafter. Based on their opioid use profile (OUP), patients were categorized as nonusers, non-lasting users, or lasting users. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations.
Results: More than 60% of patients newly initiated on opioid therapy stopped their medication mainly because of adverse effects and/or lack of pain relief. OUP significantly predicted pain intensity and interference and physical QOL (pQOL; P values < 0.001). Lasting users of opioids reported higher levels of pain intensity and interference and poorer pQOL than nonusers and/or non-lasting users over the 12-month follow-up (P values < 0.001). However, all effect sizes were small, thus questioning the clinical significance of these group differences. Among lasting users, more than 20% of patients experienced a meaningful amelioration in pain intensity and interference as well as mental QOL (mQOL), whereas only 8% exhibited improved pQOL.
Discussion: A significant subgroup of patients may benefit from long-term opioid therapy in terms of pain severity and mQOL but the majority do not. The challenge facing clinicians is how to identify who the responders will be.
Objectif: L'objectif de cette étude était d'investiguer dans un contexte de vraie vie l'efficacité à long terme des opioïdes pour réduire l'intensité et l'interférence de la douleur et améliorer la qualité de vie reliée à la santé (QDV) des patients souffrant de douleur chronique non cancéreuse.Méthodes: Les participants à cette étude étaient 893 patients (âge = 52.4 ± 14.1, femmes = 62,4%) enrôlés dans le Registre Québec Douleur (2008–2011) et qui avaient complété des questionnaires avant leur premiére visite dans l'un des trois centres multidisciplinaires de gestion de la douleur ainsi qu’à 6 et 12 mois plus tard. Selon leur profil d'utilisation d'opioïdes (PUO), les patients ont été classés en non-utilisateurs, utilisateurs non continus, ou utilisateurs continus. Les données ont été analysées à l'aide de modéles d'équation d'estimation généralisée.Résultats: Plus de 60% des patients nouvellement initiés à une thérapie à base d’opioïdes en avaient cessé la prise principalement à cause des effets indésirables et/ou d’un manque de soulagement de leur douleur. Le PUO prédisait d’une maniére significative l'intensité de la douleur et son interférence ainsi que la QDV physique (QDVp; valeurs p < 0.001). Comparés aux non-utilisateurs et/ou utilisateurs non continus, les utilisateurs continus rapportaient des niveaux plus élevés d'intensité et d’interférence de la douleur ainsi qu’une moins bonne QDVp au cours des 12 mois de suivi (valeurs p < 0.001). Cependant, la magnitude de ces effets était de petite taille, remettant ainsi en question la signification clinique des différences observées entre ces groupes. Parmi les utilisateurs continus, plus de 20% d'entre eux montraient une amélioration significative de leur condition douloureuse en termes d'intensité et d’interférence ainsi que de la QDV mentale (QDVm), alors que seulement 8% présentaient une amélioration de leur QDVp.Discussion: Un sous-groupe important de patients peut bénéficier d’un traitement à long terme à base d’opioïdes en termes de sévérité de la douleur et de QDVm, mais ce n’est pas le cas pour la majorité des patients. Le défi auquel les cliniciens doivent faire face est de déterminer les patients les plus susceptibles de bénéficier de ce type de traitement.
Keywords: Quebec Pain Registry; chronic pain; multidisciplinary pain treatment facility; opioids; treatment effectiveness.
Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Conflict of interest statement
Dr. Manon Choinière received funding from the Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal to carry out this study. The Quebec Pain Registry (QPR) Project, led by Drs. Manon Choinière and Mark Ware, was supported by the Quebec Pain Research Network (QPRN), which was itself funded by a governmental grant from the Fonds de recherche du Québec–Santé (FRQS). The QPRN was also supported by the Quebec Health Ministry, Pfizer Canada Inc., Astra Zeneca Inc., and, to a lesser extent, by Janssen Inc., whose contributions were all channeled through the FRQS via an official financial partnership. All authors of the present article certify that they have no conflicts of interest with any financial organisation regarding the material presented and discussed in this article.
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