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Review
. 2021 Jul 1;56(4):285-294.
doi: 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2021.21103. eCollection 2021 Jul.

Interpreting Real-Time Pulmonary Graphics in Neonatal Invasive Conventional Mechanical Ventilation

Gustavo M Rocha  1 , Paulo O Soares  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Interpreting Real-Time Pulmonary Graphics in Neonatal Invasive Conventional Mechanical Ventilation

Gustavo M Rocha et al. Turk Arch Pediatr. .
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Pressure–time curve. The shaded area corresponds to the mean airway pressure (Paw).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Flow too low. Phase I is quite prolonged, not allowing adequate air delivery.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Flow is too high.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Adequate flow.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Flow–time curve.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Flow–time curve with short iT and suitable iT.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Flow–time curve with a short eT and a suitable eT.
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Flow–time curves with long iT and adjusted iT.
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
Volume–time curve.
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
Volume–time curve. The expiratory volume is less than the inspiratory volume.
Figure 11.
Figure 11.
Pressure–volume curve, phases I-IV (R1, resistance in inspiration; R2, resistance in expiration; R1 + R2, pulmonary hysteresis; COP, critical opening pressure; CCP, critical closing pressure; Pin, maximum inspiratory pressure).
Figure 12.
Figure 12.
Pressure–volume curve showing pulmonary overdistension (large arrow).
Figure 13.
Figure 13.
Pressure–volume curve revealing the presence of atelectasis (A) corrected with the increase in PEEP (B).
Figure 14.
Figure 14.
Flow–volume curve. The flow moves clockwise.
Figure 15.
Figure 15.
“Square” flow–volume curve resulting from extra thoracic, inspiratory, and expiratory obstruction (e.g., small endotracheal tube and subglottic stenosis).
Figure 16.
Figure 16.
Flow–volume curve showing intrathoracic obstruction with limited inspiratory flow (obstruction near the Carina).
Figure 17.
Figure 17.
Flow–volume curve showing limited expiratory flow (e.g., in bronchopulmonary dysplasia).
Figure 18.
Figure 18.
Flow–volume curve showing irregularity in the inspiratory component resulting from the accumulation of water in the circuit.
Figure 19.
Figure 19.
Flow–volume curve showing leakage.
Figure 20.
Figure 20.
Flow–volume curve showing inspiratory flow that does not return to zero and absence of expiratory flow, compatible with extubation.
Figure 21.
Figure 21.
Flow–volume curve showing an unstable airway (e.g., tracheomalacia).
Figure 22.
Figure 22.
Flow–volume curve showing air retention: the expiratory flow does not reach zero before the beginning of the next respiratory cycle.
Figure 23.
Figure 23.
Pressure–time, flow–time, and volume–time curves.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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