Harnessing Multifaceted Next-Generation Technologies for Improved Skin Wound Healing

Abstract

Dysregulation of sequential and synchronized events of skin regeneration often results in the impairment of chronic wounds. Conventional wound dressings fail to trigger the normal healing mechanism owing to the pathophysiological conditions. Tissue engineering approaches that deal with the fabrication of dressings using various biomaterials, growth factors, and stem cells have shown accelerated healing outcomes. However, most of these technologies are associated with difficulties in scalability and cost-effectiveness of the products. In this review, we survey the latest developments in wound healing strategies that have recently emerged through the multidisciplinary approaches of bioengineering, nanotechnology, 3D bioprinting, and similar cutting-edge technologies to overcome the limitations of conventional therapies. We also focus on the potential of wearable technology that supports complete monitoring of the changes occurring in the wound microenvironment. In addition, we review the role of advanced devices that can precisely enable the delivery of nanotherapeutics, oligonucleotides, and external stimuli in a controlled manner. These technological advancements offer the opportunity to actively influence the regeneration process to benefit the treatment regime further. Finally, the clinical relevance, trajectory, and prospects of this field have been discussed in brief that highlights their potential in providing a beneficial wound care solution at an affordable cost.

Keywords: 3D printing; electrical stimulation therapy; smart bandage; wearable technology; wound healing.