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Review
. 2021 Dec 23;14(1):52.
doi: 10.3390/nu14010052.

Strategies to Prevent Sarcopenia in the Aging Process: Role of Protein Intake and Exercise

Patricia S Rogeri  1 , Rudyard Zanella Jr  1 , Gabriel L Martins  1 , Matheus D A Garcia  1 , Geovana Leite  1 , Rebeca Lugaresi  1 , Sandro O Gasparini  1 , Giovana A Sperandio  2 , Luis Henrique B Ferreira  3 , Tacito P Souza-Junior  3 , Antonio Herbert Lancha Jr  4
Affiliations
Review

Strategies to Prevent Sarcopenia in the Aging Process: Role of Protein Intake and Exercise

Patricia S Rogeri et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Sarcopenia is one of the main issues associated with the process of aging. Characterized by muscle mass loss, it is triggered by several conditions, including sedentary habits and negative net protein balance. According to World Health Organization, it is expected a 38% increase in older individuals by 2025. Therefore, it is noteworthy to establish recommendations to prevent sarcopenia and several events and comorbidities associated with this health issue condition. In this review, we discuss the role of these factors, prevention strategies, and recommendations, with a focus on protein intake and exercise.

Keywords: aging; exercise; metabolism; nutrition; protein.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Maintenance of skeletal muscle health in aging. (A) Daily protein consumption of 1.6–1.8 g·kg−1 body weight, prioritizing high biological value protein through food or supplements. (B) Consumption of three daily protein meals containing 0.6 g of PTN·kg−1 or at least 5–6 g of leucine. (C) Positive or neutral daily energy balance. (D) Maintenance of intestinal diversity. (E) Reduced or controlled pro-inflammatory state-higher concentration of anti-inflammatory markers (muscular IL-6, IL-10, and TGF—β) compared to pro-inflammatory factors (adipocyte IL-6, IL-8, CRP, and TNFα). (F) Reduced sedentary behavior (≤6 h·day−1) or 6000–10,000 steps daily. (G) Resistance training (RT) at least twice a week.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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