Interdental plaque reduction after the use of different devices in patients with periodontitis and interdental recession: A randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of four different oral hygiene protocols involving adjunctive interdental devices in terms of plaque and bleeding scores in periodontitis-affected patients.

Material and methods: This was a randomized clinical trial with a 5-week follow-up, including previously treated periodontitis patients not undergoing any supportive care. Patients were randomly allocated to 4 groups: manual toothbrush (group TB); toothbrush plus dental floss (group TB/F); toothbrush plus interdental brushes (group TB/IDB) and toothbrush plus rubber interdental picks (group TB/RIDB). Oral hygiene instructions (OHI) were provided at baseline (T-7) and at T0 (1-week) then bi-weekly (T14/T28). At T0, supragingival professional cleaning was delivered. Plaque and bleeding indexes were taken at all timepoints by a single calibrated examiner, blind to group allocation.

Results: At T-7, patients were comparable for age, body mass index (BMI) and all clinical parameters, exceptions for the Interdental Angulated Bleeding Index. At T28, significant reductions of plaque and gingival inflammation were noted in all groups (p < 0.001) and within the expected ranges. Intergroup comparisons identified that group TB/IDB and group TB/RIDB achieved lower levels of plaque and inflammation than group TB (p < 0.05). Group TB/IDB and group TB/RIDB showed lower levels of plaque and lower inflammation as measured by angulated bleeding index than group TB/RIDB (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Interdental brushes and rubber interdental picks were more efficient than toothbrushing alone and toothbrushing and floss in reducing plaque and gingival inflammation measured in a periodontitis-affected population.

Keywords: floss; interdental brushes; interdental picks; periodontitis; toothbrushing.

FIGURE 1

Study design

FIGURE 2

Flow of the patients during the study

FIGURE 3

Clinical periodontal parameters among groups at different timepoints. AngBI, angulated bleeding index; GI, gingival index; FMPS, full‐mouth plaque score; IBD, interdental brushes; PPD, periodontal pocket depth; REC, recession.