Physical Activity Self-Efficacy in Older Adults with Vision Loss: A Grounded Theory Study

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop a model describing the process of how older adults with age-related macular degeneration develop physical activity self-efficacy. The primary aim of this research was to determine how adults with age-related macular degeneration living in a southeastern metropolitan area develop physical activity self-efficacy. Sixteen older adults with age-related macular degeneration participated in face-to-face interviews and observations of their regular physical activity. Grounded theory approach was used to identify emerging themes and a model describing the development of physical activity self-efficacy in this cohort. Five themes related to the development of physical activity self-efficacy emerged: 1) physical activity engagement, 2) self-management behaviors, 3) physical activity determinants, 4) strategies, and 5) self-perceived benefits. These themes were analyzed to produce a preliminary model describing the development of physical activity self-efficacy in older adults with age-related macular degeneration. Findings provide a preliminary model, which practitioners can use to facilitate self-efficacy and participation in physical activity in older adults with age-related macular degeneration.

Keywords: Age-related macular degeneration; grounded theory; older adults; physical activity; self-efficacy; vision impairment.