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Review
. 2022 Feb;24(2):75-83.
doi: 10.1007/s11886-021-01626-9. Epub 2022 Jan 13.

Cardiovascular Outcomes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Shrilekha Sairam  1 , Amit Sureen  2 , Jesus Gutierrez  2 , The Q Dang  2 , Kunal Mishra  2
Affiliations
Review

Cardiovascular Outcomes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Shrilekha Sairam et al. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2022 Feb.

Erratum in

Abstract

Purpose of the review: To review cardiovascular outcomes (CVE) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that evolves over time.

Recent findings: Inception cohorts now report long-term data, and large population registries add to our knowledge. Mortality and cardiovascular morbidity remain high with a risk ratio of 2-3. SLE disease activity-related inflammation accounts for higher CVE incidence ratio in the first year following diagnosis with accelerated atherosclerosis contributing to CVE in about a quarter to a third of the patients later in the disease course. Immunomodulation and disease control are associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes. Validation of modified risk stratification tools and studies evaluating primary prevention with aspirin and hydroxychloroquine are reported. Increased awareness of high mortality associated with cardiac inflammation, improved outcomes with early disease control, aggressive management of risk factors, hypertension, obesity, and high cholesterol with modifying risk stratification will result in more favorable outcomes in SLE patients.

Keywords: Antiphospholipid antibodies; Cardiac manifestation; Cardiovascular risk factors; Primary prevention; Risk stratification; Systemic lupus erythematosus.

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References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance
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