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. 2022 Jan 6:2022:6537676.
doi: 10.1155/2022/6537676. eCollection 2022.

Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Magnesium Alloy on Titanium Dental Implants

Yang Bai  1 , Lin Wang  1 , Lisheng Zhao  1 , E Lingling  1 , Shuo Yang  1 , Shunyi Jia  1 , Ning Wen  1
Affiliations

Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Magnesium Alloy on Titanium Dental Implants

Yang Bai et al. Comput Math Methods Med. .

Retraction in

Abstract

Objectives: In this study, a new type of dental implant by covering the surface of the titanium (Ti) implant with zinc-magnesium (Zn-Mg) alloy was designed, to study the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of Mg alloy on titanium (Ti) implants in oral implant restoration.

Methods: Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), S. sanguinis, and F. nucleatum bacteria were used to detect the bioactivity and antibacterial properties of Mg alloy-coated Ti implants. In addition, B6/J mice implanted with different materials were used to further detect their antibacterial and antioxidant properties.

Results: The results showed that Mg alloy could better promote the adhesion and proliferation and improve the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of HGFs, which contributed to better improved stability of implant osseointegration. In addition, Mg alloy could better inhibit the proliferation of S. sanguinis, while no significant difference was found in the proliferation of F. nucleatum between the two implants. In the mouse model, the peripheral inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress of the Mg alloy implant were significantly lower than those of the Ti alloy implant.

Conclusions: Zn-Mg alloy-coated Ti implants could better inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria in the oral cavity, inhibit oxidative stress, and facilitate the proliferation activity of HGFs and the potential of osteoblast differentiation, thus, better increasing the stability of implant osseointegration.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic diagram of Mg alloy-coated Ti implant and its capacity of anti-inflammatory and antioxidation.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effects of implants on the bioactivity of HGFs. (a) The growth pattern of HGFs on the surface of Ti implant. (b) The growth pattern of HGFs on the surface of Mg alloy-coated Ti implant. (c) Ki-67 expression of HGFs on the surface of Ti implant. (d) Ki-67 expression of HGFs on the surface of Mg alloy-coated Ti implant. (e) Quantitative evaluation of ALP relative activity in HGFs between Mg alloy-Ti and Ti group. Test method: Student's t test, ∗∗P < 0.01.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Growth of S. sanguinis and F. nucleatum on implant surface. (a) Live staining of cultured S. sanguinis bacteria 4 h after adding Ti implant. (b) Live staining of cultured S. sanguinis bacteria 4 h after adding Mg alloy-coated Ti implant. (c) Dead staining of cultured S. sanguinis bacteria 4 h after adding Ti implant. (d) Dead staining of cultured S. sanguinis bacteria 4 h after adding Mg alloy Ti-coated implant. (e) Live staining of cultured F. nucleatum bacteria 4 h after adding Ti implant. (f) Live staining of cultured F. nucleatum bacteria 4 h after adding Mg alloy Ti-coated implant. (g) Dead staining of cultured F. nucleatum bacteria 4 h after adding Ti implant. (h) Dead staining of cultured F. nucleatum bacteria 4 h after adding Mg alloy Ti-coated implant.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Histological appearance of surrounding tissue after implant placement in Mg alloy-Ti group ((a) and (b)) and Ti group ((c) and (d)).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Inflammatory evaluation of different implant materials. (a) Blood IL-1β level 3 weeks later in Mg alloy-Ti group and Ti group. (b) Blood IL-6 level 3 weeks later in Mg alloy-Ti group and Ti group. (c) Blood TNF-α level 3 weeks later in Mg alloy-Ti group and Ti group. Test method: Student's t test, ∗∗P < 0.01.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Comparison of antioxidation capacity between Mg alloy-Ti group and Ti group. (a) SOD concentration. (b) MDA concentration. (c) TAC concentration. Test method: Student's t test, ∗∗P < 0.01.
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