Survival in Women with De Novo Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Comparison of Real-World Evidence from a Publicly-Funded Canadian Province and the United States by Insurance Status

Abstract

Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patient outcomes may vary according to distinct health care payers and different countries. We compared 291 Alberta (AB), Canada and 9429 US patients < 65 with de novo MBC diagnosed from 2010 through 2014. Data were extracted from the provincial Breast Data Mart and from the National Cancer Institute's SEER program. US patients were divided by insurance status (US privately insured, US Medicaid or US uninsured). Kaplan-Meier and log-rank analyses were used to assess differences in OS and hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using Cox models. Multivariate models were adjusted for age, surgical status, and biomarker profile. No difference in OS was noted between AB and US patients (HR = 0.92 (0.77-1.10), p = 0.365). Median OS was not reached for the US privately insured and AB groups, and was 11 months and 8 months for the US Medicaid and US uninsured groups, respectively. The 3-year OS rates were comparable between US privately insured and AB groups (53.28% (51.95-54.59) and 55.54% (49.49-61.16), respectively). Both groups had improved survival (p < 0.001) relative to the US Medicaid and US uninsured groups [39.32% (37.25-41.37) and 40.53% (36.20-44.81)]. Our study suggests that a universal health care system is not inferior to a private insurance-based model for de novo MBC.

Keywords: Canada; United States; breast neoplasm; insurance status; overall survival.

Figure 1

Kaplan-Meier with log-rank by Insurance Status in (A) Overall Cohort, (B) HR+/HER2− patients, (C) HER2+ patients, and (D) TN patients. AB Alberta, HR+ hormone receptor positive, HER2− human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative, HER2+ human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 positive, TN triple negative, US United States.