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. 2021 Dec 29;11(1):39.
doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11010039.

PEG-Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles for Modulation of Microbial Biofilms on Voice Prosthesis

Mara Caciandone  1 , Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu  2 , Aurelian Radu Roșu  2 , Valentina Grumezescu  3 , Irina Negut  3 , Alina Maria Holban  4   5 , Ovidiu Oprea  6 , Bogdan Ștefan Vasile  2 , Alexandra Cătălina Bîrcă  2 , Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu  2   5   7 , Miruna Silvia Stan  7   8 , Alina Georgiana Anghel  1   9 , Ion Anghel  1   10
Affiliations

PEG-Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles for Modulation of Microbial Biofilms on Voice Prosthesis

Mara Caciandone et al. Antibiotics (Basel). .

Abstract

This study reports the fabrication of nanostructured coatings based on magnetite, polyethyleneglycol, and biologically active molecule (polymyxin B-PM) for producing biofilm-resistant surfaces (voice prosthesis). Magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) have been synthesized and functionalized using a co-precipitation method and were further deposited into thin coatings using the matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) technique. The obtained nanoparticles and coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis with differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy with selected area electron diffraction (TEM-SAED), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and infrared microscopy (IRM). Their antibiofilm activity was tested against relevant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial strains. The Fe3O4@PEG/PM surface of modified voice prosthesis sections reduced the number of CFU/mL up to four orders of magnitude in the case of S. aureus biofilm. A more significant inhibitory effect is noticed in the case of P. aeruginosa up to five folds. These results highlight the importance of new Fe3O4@PEG/PM in the biomedical field.

Keywords: PEG; antibiofilm activity; antimicrobial coatings; antimicrobial resistance; magnetite nanoparticles; matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation; polymyxin B.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
X-ray diffractogram of Fe3O4, Fe3O4@PEG, and Fe3O4@PEG/PM.
Figure 2
Figure 2
SAED pattern (a), HR-TEM image (b), and TEM images (c,d) of Fe3O4@PEG/PM; (e) size distribution.
Figure 3
Figure 3
FT-IR spectrum of Fe3O4@PEG/PM nanoparticles.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Thermogravimetric analysis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Thermogravimetric analysis of Fe3O4@PEG nanoparticles.
Figure 6
Figure 6
IR maps of Fe3O4@PEG (1,2) and Fe3O4@PEG/PM (3,4,5); dropcast (a), F = 300 mJ/cm2 (b), F = 400 mJ/cm2 (c), F = 500 mJ/cm2 (d), based on the distribution of C-H (1), C-O (2), C-H (3), C-O (4) and (C=O (5), assigned to PEG (1,2,3,4) and PM (5).
Figure 7
Figure 7
IR spectra of Fe3O4@PEG (1) and Fe3O4@PEG/PM (2): dropcast (a), F = 300 mJ/cm2 (b), F = 400 mJ/cm2 (c), F = 500 mJ/cm2 (d).
Figure 8
Figure 8
SEM images of Fe3O4@PEG (1) and Fe3O4@PEG/PM (2): (a) cross-section; (b) coatings surface.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Evaluation of biofilm development after 24 and 48 h of incubation in the presence and absence of PEG-based thin film for S. aureus strain.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Evaluation of biofilm development after 24 and 48 h of incubation in the presence and absence of PEG-based thin film for P. aeruginosa strain.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Morphology of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts cultivated in the absence (control) and presence of Fe3O4@PEG and Fe3O4@PEG/PM samples.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Cell viability and nitric oxide concentration after 24 h of incubation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts with Fe3O4@PEG and Fe3O4@PEG/PM samples. The measurements were performed in triplicate (n = 3) and the results were presented as average ± standard deviation relative to the control.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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