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. 2022 Jan 14;11(2):421.
doi: 10.3390/jcm11020421.

Nationwide COVID-19-EII Study: Incidence, Environmental Risk Factors and Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and COVID-19 of the ENEIDA Registry

Yamile Zabana  1   2 , Ignacio Marín-Jiménez  3 , Iago Rodríguez-Lago  4   5 , Isabel Vera  6 , María Dolores Martín-Arranz  7 , Iván Guerra  8   9 , Javier P Gisbert  2   10   11 , Francisco Mesonero  12 , Olga Benítez  1 , Carlos Taxonera  13   14 , Ángel Ponferrada-Díaz  15 , Marta Piqueras  16 , Alfredo J Lucendo  2   11   17 , Berta Caballol  2   18 , Míriam Mañosa  2   19 , Pilar Martínez-Montiel  20 , Maia Bosca-Watts  21 , Jordi Gordillo  22 , Luis Bujanda  2   23   24 , Noemí Manceñido  25 , Teresa Martínez-Pérez  26 , Alicia López  27 , Cristina Rodríguez-Gutiérrez  28 , Santiago García-López  29 , Pablo Vega  30 , Montserrat Rivero  31 , Luigi Melcarne  32 , Maria Calvo  33 , Marisa Iborra  2   34 , Manuel Barreiro de-Acosta  35 , Beatriz Sicilia  36 , Jesús Barrio  37 , José Lázaro Pérez  38 , David Busquets  39 , Isabel Pérez-Martínez  40 , Mercè Navarro-Llavat  41 , Vicent Hernández  42 , Federico Argüelles-Arias  43 , Fernando Ramírez Esteso  44 , Susana Meijide  45 , Laura Ramos  46 , Fernando Gomollón  2   47 , Fernando Muñoz  48 , Gerard Suris  49 , Jone Ortiz de Zarate  50 , José María Huguet  51 , Jordina Llaó  52 , Mariana Fe García-Sepulcre  53 , Mónica Sierra  54 , Miguel Durà  55 , Sandra Estrecha  56 , Ana Fuentes Coronel  57 , Esther Hinojosa  58 , Lorenzo Olivan  59 , Eva Iglesias  60 , Ana Gutiérrez  2   61 , Pilar Varela  62 , Núria Rull  63 , Pau Gilabert  64 , Alejandro Hernández-Camba  65 , Alicia Brotons  66 , Daniel Ginard  67 , Eva Sesé  68 , Daniel Carpio  69 , Montserrat Aceituno  1   2 , José Luis Cabriada  4   5 , Yago González-Lama  6 , Laura Jiménez  8   9 , María Chaparro  2   10   11 , Antonio López-San Román  12 , Cristina Alba  13   14 , Rocío Plaza-Santos  15 , Raquel Mena  16 , Sonsoles Tamarit-Sebastián  17 , Elena Ricart  2   18 , Margalida Calafat  2   19 , Sonsoles Olivares  20 , Pablo Navarro  21 , Federico Bertoletti  22 , Horacio Alonso-Galán  23   24 , Ramón Pajares  25 , Pablo Olcina  26 , Pamela Manzano  1 , Eugeni Domènech  2   19 , Maria Esteve  1   2 , On Behalf Of The Eneida Registry Of Geteccu
Affiliations

Nationwide COVID-19-EII Study: Incidence, Environmental Risk Factors and Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and COVID-19 of the ENEIDA Registry

Yamile Zabana et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

We aim to describe the incidence and source of contagion of COVID-19 in patients with IBD, as well as the risk factors for a severe course and long-term sequelae. This is a prospective observational study of IBD and COVID-19 included in the ENEIDA registry (53,682 from 73 centres) between March-July 2020 followed-up for 12 months. Results were compared with data of the general population (National Centre of Epidemiology and Catalonia). A total of 482 patients with COVID-19 were identified. Twenty-eight percent were infected in the work environment, and 48% were infected by intrafamilial transmission, despite having good adherence to lockdown. Thirty-five percent required hospitalization, 7.9% had severe COVID-19 and 3.7% died. Similar data were reported in the general population (hospitalisation 19.5%, ICU 2.1% and mortality 4.6%). Factors related to death and severe COVID-19 were being aged ≥ 60 years (OR 7.1, 95% CI: 1.8-27 and 4.5, 95% CI: 1.3-15.9), while having ≥2 comorbidities increased mortality (OR 3.9, 95% CI: 1.3-11.6). None of the drugs for IBD were related to severe COVID-19. Immunosuppression was definitively stopped in 1% of patients at 12 months. The prognosis of COVID-19 in IBD, even in immunosuppressed patients, is similar to that in the general population. Thus, there is no need for more strict protection measures in IBD.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; inflammatory bowel disease.

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Conflict of interest statement

Y. Zabana has received support for conference attendance, speaker fees, research support and consulting fees from Abbvie, Adacyte, Almirall, Amgen, Dr Falk, FAES Pharma, Ferring, Jannsen, MSD, Otsuka, Pfizer, Shire, Takeda and Tillotts. I. Marín-Jiménez has received financial support for travelling and educational activities from or has served as an advisory board member to MSD, Pfizer, Abbvie, Amgen, Takeda, Janssen, Sandoz, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Ferring, Dr. Falk Pharma, and Otsuka Pharmaceutical. I. Rodríguez-Lago has received financial support for travelling and educational activities from or has served as an advisory board member to MSD, Pfizer, Abbvie, Takeda, Janssen, Tillotts Pharma, Roche, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Ferring, Dr. Falk Pharma, Adacyte and Otsuka Pharmaceutical. MD Martín-Arranz has received fees as a speaker, consultant and advisory member for or has received funding from MSD, AbbVie, Hospira, Pfizer, Takeda, Janssen, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Tillotts Pharma, Faes farma. J. P. Gisbert has served as speaker, consultant, and advisory member for or has received research funding from MSD, Abbvie, Pfizer, Kern Pharma, Biogen, Mylan, Takeda, Janssen, Roche, Sandoz, Celgene, Gilead/Galapagos, Ferring, Faes Farma, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Dr. Falk Pharma, Tillotts Pharma, Chiesi, Casen Fleet, Gebro Pharma, Otsuka Pharmaceutical and Vifor Pharma. F. Mesonero has served as a speaker or has received education funding or advisory fees from MSD, Abbvie, Takeda, Janssen, Pfizer, Kern Pharma, Ferring and Dr. Falk Pharma. O. Benítez has received financial support for travelling and educational activities from Janssen, Biogen and MSD. C. Taxonera has served as a speaker, consultant and advisory board member for or has received research funding from MSD, AbbVie, Pfizer, Taked, Janssen, Ferring, Faes Pharma, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Dr Falk Pharma, Galapagos and Tillotts. M. Piqueras has received financial support or has served as speaker for Takeda, Abbvie and Janssen. N. Manceñido has been a consultant or speaker for Abbvie, Janssen, Takeda, Ferring, Dr. Falk Pharma and Tillotts Pharma. M. Rivero has served as a speaker, consultant and advisory member for Merck Sharp and Dohme, Abbvie, Pfizer, Takeda and Janssen. M. Barreiro has served as a speaker, consultant and advisory member for or has received research funding from MSD, AbbVie, Janssen, Kern Pharma, Celltrion, Takeda, Gillead, Celgene, Pfizer, Sandoz, Biogen, Fresenius, Ferring, Faes Farma, Dr. Falk Pharma, Chiesi, Gebro Pharma, Adacyte and Vifor Pharma. F. Argüelles has received financial support for travelling and educational activities from or has served as an advisory board member to MSD, Pfizer, Abbvie, Amgen, Takeda, Janssen, Sandoz, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Ferring and Dr Falk Pharma. JM. Huguet has participated in educational activities, research projects, scientific meetings or advisory boards sponsored by Merck Sharp Dohme (MSD), Ferring, Abbvie, Janssen, Biogen, Sandoz, Kern Pharma, Faes Farma, Vifor Pharma and Takeda. A. Hernández-Camba has served as speaker, or has received education funding from AbbVie, Takeda, Kern Pharma, Pfizer, Janssen, Adacyte Therapeutics and Ferring. D. Ginard has received support for conference attendance, speaker fees, research support and consulting fees from Abbvie, Adacyte, Janssen, Takeda, Sandoz, Ferring, Pfizer and Biogen. M. Aceituno has received educational grants from Ferring, Pfizer, Janssen and AbbVie. M. Chaparro has served as a speaker and consultant and has received research or education funding from MSD, Abbvie, Hospira, Pfizer, Takeda, Janssen, Ferring, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Dr. Falk Pharma, Tillotts Pharma, Faes Pharma, Biogen and Gilead. H. Alonso-Galán has received financial support for travelling and educational activities from or has served as an advisory board member to Janssen, MSD, Abbvie, Takeda, Ferring, Pfizer and Dr. Falk Pharma. E. Domènech has served as a speaker, or has received research or education funding or advisory fees from AbbVie, Adacyte Therapeutics, Biogen, Celltrion, Gilead, Janssen, Kern Pharma, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, Samsung, Takeda, and Tillotts. M. Esteve: has received support for conference attendance, speaker fees, research support and consulting fees from Abbvie, Ferring, Janssen, MSD, Otsuka, Pfizer, Takeda and Tillotts. I.V. era, I. Guerra, A. Ponferrada-Díaz, A. Lucendo, B. Caballol, M.Mañosa, P. Martínez-Montiel, M. Bosca-Watts, J. Gordillo, L. Bujanda, T. Martínez-Pérez, A. López, C. Rodríguez, S. García-López, P. Vega, L. Melcarne, M. Calvo, M. Iborra, B. Sicilia, J. Barrio, JL. Pérez, D. Busquets, I. Martínez-Pérez, M. Navarro-Llavat, V. Hernández, F. Ramírez Esteso, S. Mejilde, L. Ramos, F.Gomollón, F. Muñoz, G. Suris, J. Ortiz de Zarate, J. Llaó, M. García-Sepulcre, M. Sierra, M. Durà. S. Estrecha, A. Fuentes Coronel, E. Hinojosa, L. Olivan, E. Iglesias, A. Gutiérrez, P. Varela, N. Rull, P. Gilabert, A. Brotons, E. Sesé, D. Carpio, JL Cabriada, Y. González-Lama, L. Giménez, A. López-San Román, C. Alba, R. Plaza-Santos, R. Mena, S. Tamarit-Sebastián, E. Ricart, M. Calafat, S. Olivares, P. Navarro, F. Bertoletti, R. Pajares, P. Olcina and P. Manzano have no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Geographic distribution of COVID-19 cases in the ENEIDA registry and comparison with the general Spanish population in the first wave of the pandemic.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Inflammatory bowel disease activity at COVID-19 diagnosis and 3- and 12-month follow-up.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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