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. 2022 Jan 5;10(1):109.
doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10010109.

Essential Oils from Indigenous Iranian Plants: A Natural Weapon vs. Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli

Mohammadreza Pajohi Alamoti  1 , Behnaz Bazargani-Gilani  1 , Razzagh Mahmoudi  2 , Anna Reale  3 , Babak Pakbin  2 , Tiziana Di Renzo  3 , Ata Kaboudari  4
Affiliations

Essential Oils from Indigenous Iranian Plants: A Natural Weapon vs. Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli

Mohammadreza Pajohi Alamoti et al. Microorganisms. .

Abstract

Aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial properties of herbal plant essential oils (EOs) from selected Iranian plant species such as Ferulago angulata, Zataria multiflora, Cuminum cyminum, and Mentha longifolia against antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains. For this purpose, the Escherichia coli strains, isolated from raw cow's milk and local dairy products (yogurt, cream, whey, cheese, and confectionery products) collected from different areas of Hamedan province, Iran, were investigated for their resistance to antibiotics (i.e., streptomycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and cefixime). Thus, the E. coli strains were tested for their susceptibility to the above-mentioned essential oils. Regarding antibiotics, the E. coli strains were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin. In relation to essential oils, the most effective antibacterial activity was observed with Zataria multiflora; also, the bacteria were semi-sensitive to Cuminum cyminum and Mentha longifolia essential oils. All strains were resistant to Ferulago angulata essential oil. According to the results, the essential oil of Zataria multiflora can be considered as a practical and alternative antibacterial strategy to inhibit the growth of multidrug-resistant E. coli of dairy origin.

Keywords: Zataria multiflora; antibiotic susceptibility; dairy products; essential oils; pathogen.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Gel electrophoresis of PCR products amplified with Eco 2083 F and Eco 2745 R primers with 662 bp. Lane A: positive control, PCR product amplified with DNA from E. coli strain ATCC 25,922; Lane B: 100-bp DNA ladder; Lane C: no template; Lane D–J: show the PCR products amplified with DNA from Escherichia coli strain RE11, RE12, RE13, RE14, RE15, RE16, and RE17, respectively.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Score plot and loading plot of first and second principal components after principal component analysis based on volatile components that differentiated the essential oil of Ferulago angulate, Zataria multiflora, Cuminum cyminum, and Mentha longifolia. VOCs used in PCA are listed in the legend on the right of the figure.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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