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Review
. 2022 Jan;24(1):23-31.
doi: 10.1007/s11912-021-01161-4. Epub 2022 Jan 20.

Engineered T Cells: CAR T Cell Therapy and Beyond

P Connor Johnson  1 , Jeremy S Abramson  2
Affiliations
Review

Engineered T Cells: CAR T Cell Therapy and Beyond

P Connor Johnson et al. Curr Oncol Rep. 2022 Jan.

Abstract

Purpose of review: This article reviews the current data and future directions of engineered T cell therapies in non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

Recent findings: Currently, four chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell products are approved: axicabtagene ciloleucel, tisagenlecleucel, lisocabtagene maraleucel, and brexucabtagene autoleucel. These products differ in construct, indication, manufacturing, clinical trial design, and toxicity profile, but all are autologous products targeting CD19. Encouraging early data is also emerging with the use of these products in additional subtypes of B cell lymphoma. Alternative engineered T cell products are also in development, including dual CD19/22 targeting CAR T cells, CD30-directed CAR T cells, allogeneic CAR T cells, and engineered natural killer (NK) cells. Preclinical data using novel CAR constructs such as cytokine-secreting CARs targeted gene delivery into the T cell receptor α constant (TRAC) locus, combination strategies, and third-generation CARs holds promise for additional novel approaches. CAR T cells have transformed the therapeutic landscape for patients with relapsed/refractory B cell lymphomas. Early data with novel engineered cellular products is encouraging and holds promise for future clinical use.

Keywords: CAR T cells; Cellular immunotherapy; Diffuse large B cell lymphoma; High-grade B cell lymphoma; Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

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