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Review
. 2022 Jan;38(1):52-58.
doi: 10.1051/medsci/2021244. Epub 2022 Jan 21.

[Generating pancreatic islets organoids: Langerhanoids]

[Article in French]
Anastasia Papoz  1 , Flora Clément  1 , Camille Laporte  2 , Emily Tubbs  3 , Xavier Gidrol  1 , Amandine Pitaval  1
Affiliations
Free article
Review

[Generating pancreatic islets organoids: Langerhanoids]

[Article in French]
Anastasia Papoz et al. Med Sci (Paris). 2022 Jan.
Free article

Abstract
in English, French

The extension of islet transplantation to a wider number of Type 1 diabetic patients is compromised by the scarcity of donors, the reduced ex vivo survival of pancreatic islets and the use of immunosuppressive treatments. Islets of Langerhans isolated from brain-dead donors are currently the only cell source for transplantation. Thus, it is crucial to find an alternative and an abundant source of functional insulin secreting cells not only for clinical use but also for the development of research dedicated to the screening of drugs and to the development of new therapeutic targets. Several groups around the world, including ours, develop 3D culture models as Langerhanoids that closely mimick human pancreatic islets physiology. In this review, we describe recent advances to mimic the pancreatic niche (extracellular matrix, vascularization, microfluidics) allowing better functionality of Langerhanoids.

Title: Les Langerhanoïdes, des organoïdes d’îlots pancréatiques.

Abstract: Les îlots de Langerhans isolés de donneurs en état de mort encéphalique constituent actuellement la seule source de cellules pour la transplantation de patients atteints de diabète de type 1. Cette approche thérapeutique reste cependant compromise par la rareté des donneurs et par certains aspects techniques. L’utilisation de sources alternatives de cellules productrices d’insuline est donc un enjeu tant thérapeutique que pour la recherche pharmacologique. Plusieurs équipes dans le monde, dont la nôtre, développent des modèles de culture cellulaire en 3D, les Langerhanoïdes, qui sont physiologiquement proches des îlots pancréatiques humains. Dans cette revue, nous décrivons les récentes avancées mimant la niche pancréatique (matrice extracellulaire, vascularisation, microfluidique), permettant ainsi d’accroître la fonctionnalité de ces Langerhanoïdes.

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References

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    1. Lablanche S, Borot S, Wojtusciszyn A, et al. Ten-years outcomes of islet transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes: data from the Swiss-French GRAGIL network. Am J Transplant 2021; 21 : 3725–33.
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