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. 2023 Jan 1;102(1):92-97.
doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001975. Epub 2022 Jan 21.

From Histoanatomy to Sonography in Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A EURO-MUSCULUS/USPRM Approach

Vincenzo Ricci  1 , Costantino Ricci, Fabrizio Gervasoni, Giulio Cocco, Arnaldo Andreoli, Levent Özçakar
Affiliations

From Histoanatomy to Sonography in Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A EURO-MUSCULUS/USPRM Approach

Vincenzo Ricci et al. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. .

Abstract

Myofascial pain is a common clinical condition, whereby accurate physical examination is usually considered as the cornerstone to identify/diagnose the "trigger point complex," that is, the characteristic finding of this syndrome. Considering the emerging role of ultrasound examination as the natural extension of physical assessment for musculoskeletal disorders, we briefly revise the histological/anatomical features of trigger points and propose a standardized, multistep sonographic approach to myofascial pain. We also imply that the integrated clinical-ultrasound evaluation could be considered as a potential tool to discriminate different phases/subsets of this challenging pathology.

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Conflict of interest statement

Financial disclosure statements have been obtained, and no conflicts of interest have been reported by the authors or by any individuals in control of the content of this article.

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