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. 2022 Jan-Feb:13:100971.
doi: 10.1016/j.cegh.2022.100971. Epub 2022 Jan 19.

A comparison of clinical outcomes between vaccinated and vaccine-naive patients of COVID-19, in four tertiary care hospitals of Kerala, South India

Sabarish Balachandran  1 , Merlin Moni  2 , Dipu T Sathyapalan  2 , Prinoj Varghese  3 , Manoj P Jose  4 , Mithun R Murugan  5 , C Rajan  3 , Dhanraj Saboo  6 , Sooraj S Nair  7 , Reshmi Ann Varkey  8 , Parvathy Balachandran  9 , Geetha R Menon  10 , Beena K Vasudevan  8 , Amitava Banerjee  11 , Chandrasekhar Janakiram  9 , Jaideep C Menon  12
Affiliations

A comparison of clinical outcomes between vaccinated and vaccine-naive patients of COVID-19, in four tertiary care hospitals of Kerala, South India

Sabarish Balachandran et al. Clin Epidemiol Glob Health. 2022 Jan-Feb.

Abstract

The problem considered: This multi-centric study analyzed data of COVID-19 patients and compared differences in symptomatology, management, and outcomes between vaccinated and vaccine-naive patients.

Methods: All COVID-19 positive individuals treated as an in-or out-patient from the 1stMarch to 15th May 2021 in four selected study sites were considered for the study. Treatment details, symptoms, and clinical course were obtained from hospital records. Chi-square was used to test the association of socio-demographic and treatment variables with the vaccination status and binary logistic regression were used to obtain the odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval.

Results: The analysis was of 1446 patients after exclusion of 156 with missing data of which males were 57.3% and females 42.7%. 346 were vaccinated; 189 received one dose and 157 both doses. Hospitalization was more in vaccinated (38.2% vs 27.4%); ICU admissions were less in vaccinated (3.5% vs 7.1%). More vaccinated were symptomatic (OR = 1.5); half less likely to be on non-invasive ventilation (OR = 0.5) while vaccine naive patients had 4.21 times the risk of death.

Conclusion: Severe infection, duration of hospital stays, need for ventilation and death were significantly less among vaccinated when compared with vaccine naive patients.

Keywords: COVID-19; Coronavirus; Outcomes; Vaccine; Vaccine-breakthrough infection.

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Conflict of interest statement

None of the authors have any conflict of interest to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Vaccination status and vaccine breakthrough.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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