The impact of sources of perceived social support on readmissions in patients with heart failure

Abstract

Background: Lower levels of perceived social support have been known as an independent predictor of hospital readmissions in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the impact of sources of perceived social support on readmissions remain unexplored.

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the relative importance of social support from significant other, family, and friends on all-cause readmission and cardiac readmission in patients with HF.

Methods: The prospective cohort study was used to recruit a total of 299 patients with HF in Taiwan between May 2012 and December 2014. Demographic and clinical characteristics, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MPSSS), and 18-month follow-up readmissions were recorded during the hospital stay. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were constructed to determine the impact of levels and sources of perceived social support with all-cause readmission and cardiac readmission.

Results: A total of 158 patients (52.8%) and 118 patients (39.5%), respectively, had all-cause readmission and cardiac readmissions within 18 months. Multivariate logistic regression yielded inverse associations between levels of perceived social support and readmissions by 18-months. Importantly, social support from significant other was significantly associated with a lower risk of readmissions, both of all-cause readmission and cardiac readmission, in patients with HF, even after controlling for possible covariates, social support from family and friends.

Conclusions: Social support from significant other, rather than from family and friends, was relatively and inversely associated with 18-month all-cause readmission and cardiac readmission in patients with HF, which is consistent with the hierarchical compensatory model.

Keywords: Heart failure; Perceived social support; Readmission; Significant other.