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. 2022 Jan 28;14(1):20.
doi: 10.1186/s13098-022-00789-x.

Diagnostic significance of serum FGD5-AS1 and its predictive value for the development of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes

Yongdi Wang  1 , Jian Wang  2
Affiliations

Diagnostic significance of serum FGD5-AS1 and its predictive value for the development of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes

Yongdi Wang et al. Diabetol Metab Syndr. .

Abstract

Background: As a result of the continuous rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been a main healthy burden worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of FGD5-AS1 as a biomarker for the diagnosis of T2DM and predicting cardiovascular complications in T2DM.

Methods: Three hundred subjects were recruited in this study, including 100 T2DM patients without CVDs, 100 T2DM patients with CVDs as well as 100 healthy subjects. Plasma FGD5-AS1 level was quantified using RT-qPCR assay. The correlation of FGD5-AS1 level with other key variables was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of FGD5-AS1 for T2DM and related CVDs. The effect of FGD5-AS1 on AC16 and HA-VSMCs was determined.

Results: FGD5-AS1 level showed a stepwise decrease in individuals with T2DM and CVDs compared to healthy persons. FGD5-AS1 was associated with BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides, usCRP, and HDL-cholesterol. The ROC analysis indicated FGD5-AS1 had a significant overall predictive ability to diagnose T2DM, T2DM with CVDs, and the combination of both. FGD5-AS1 increases the growth but alleviates apoptosis and fibrosis of high glucose-induced AC16 cells. FGD5-AS1 attenuate the growth and calcification but induced apoptosis of high glucose-treated HA-VSMC cells.

Conclusions: These results suggest that FGD5-AS1 are associated with T2DM and measuring FGD5-AS1 could potentially contribute to T2DM screening and prediction for risk of cardiovascular complication.

Keywords: Cardiovascular complications; FGD5-AS1; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Relative expressions of FGD5-AS1. A, B Expression profiling of FGD5-AS1 from GEO DataSets (GDS158, a search for susceptibility genes for type 2 diabetes). C Relative expressions of FGD5-AS1 in healthy subjects, individuals with T2DM, and/no CVDs. D Relative expressions of FGD5-AS1 in normal and high glucose-induced AC16 and HA-VSMCs. *P  < 0.05, **P  < 0.01, *P  < 0.001. T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus; CVDs cardiovascular disease; HG high glucose
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
ROC curves were constructed for FGD5-AS1 to evaluate its diagnostic value for T2DM. A Healthy vs T2DM. B Healthy vs T2DM without CVDs. C Healthy vs T2DM with CVDs. ROC receiver operating characteristic; T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus; CVDs cardiovascular disease
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
ROC was constructed for T2DM with CVDs as positive cases and T2DM without CVDs as negative cases
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Overexpression of FGD5-AS1 boosted growth and alleviated apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis, of high glucose-induced AC16 cells. A The level of FGD5-AS1 was confirmed through RT-qPCR in different groups. B CCK-8 assay showed that upregulation of FGD5-AS1 reversed the reduction of cell proliferation in AC16 cells caused by high glucose. C, D The levels of caspase-3, bcl2, bax, collagen-1, and collagen-3 were detected through RT-qPCR in AC16 cells. **P  < 0.01, ***P  < 0.001 (compared with mock). ##P  < 0.01, ###P  < 0.001 (compared with HG  +  ov-NC). HG high glucose
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Overexpression of FGD5-AS1 boosted apoptosis and alleviated growth and calcification, of high glucose-induced HA-VSMC cells. A The level of FGD5-AS1 was confirmed through RT-qPCR in different groups. B CCK-8 assay showed that upregulation of FGD5-AS1 reversed the increase of cell proliferation in HA-VSMCs caused by high glucose. C Upregulation of FGD5-AS1 partly offset the change of apoptosis markers, caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax, caused by high glucose. D, E Upregulation of FGD5-AS1 reduced the increased level of calcification marker, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. *P  < 0.05, **P  < 0.01, ***P  < 0.001 (compared with mock). #P  < 0.05, ##P  < 0.01, ###P  < 0.001 (compared with HG  +  ov-NC). HG high glucose; ALP alkaline phosphatase
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