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Multicenter Study
. 2022 Jun 1;41(6):478-481.
doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003474. Epub 2022 Jan 27.

Performance of Targeted Congenital Cytomegalovirus Screening in Newborns Failing Universal Hearing Screening: A Multicenter Study

Jacques Fourgeaud  1   2 , Claire Boithias  3 , Elisabeth Walter-Nicolet  4 , Elsa Kermorvant  5 , Sophie Couderc  6 , Sophie Parat  7 , Christine Pol  8 , Carole Mousset  9 , Laurence Bussières  1   10 , Tiffany Guilleminot  1   2 , Yves Ville  1   11 , Lionelle Nkam  12 , Lamiae Grimaldi  12 , Marine Parodi  13 , Marianne Leruez-Ville  1   2
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Performance of Targeted Congenital Cytomegalovirus Screening in Newborns Failing Universal Hearing Screening: A Multicenter Study

Jacques Fourgeaud et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J. .

Abstract

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most frequent cause of congenital infection and ≈20% of all infected neonates present or will develop sensorineural hearing loss. Targeted congenital CMV (cCMV) screening in newborns who failed universal newborn hearing screening has been proposed as a strategy to identify neonates with both hearing loss and cCMV infection who could benefit from antiviral treatment implemented within the first month of life.

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility and performance of cCMV targeted screening in a French setting.

Methods: Neonates were recruited in 5 maternity centers in greater Paris. A saliva sample for CMV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing was collected in neonates who failed newborn hearing screening. Outcomes including CMV PCR result and confirmation of hearing loss by an otorhinolaryngologist specialist were documented.

Results: Two-hundred thirty-six newborns were included and a saliva sample was collected in 98% (231/236) of them. The result of CMV PCR was available at a median of 9 days (7-10 days) of life and in 96% of cases within the first month of life. Two neonates were infected with CMV. The result of the otorhinolaryngologist assessment was available in 75% (178/236) of cases at a median of 16 days (9-26 days). Hearing loss was confirmed in 2.8% (5/178). The 2 infected neonates had hearing loss confirmed at 5 and 8 days of life and were treated with valganciclovir at days 9 and 16, respectively.

Conclusions: The result of this study confirms that targeted cCMV screening is feasible in these French settings.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02139423.

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Conflict of interest statement

Y.V. declares receiving fees for lectures from General Electric outside this work. M.L.-V. declares having received fees paid to her institution for expertise of diagnosis kits and for lectures from BioMérieux and Diasorin outside this work and for participating to conferences from Abbott and Roche. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

References

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    1. Leruez-Ville M, Foulon I, Pass R, et al. Cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy: state of the science. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;223:330–349.
    1. Goderis J, De Leenheer E, Smets K, et al. Hearing loss and congenital CMV infection: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2014;134:972–982.
    1. Kimberlin DW, Lin CY, Sánchez PJ, et al.; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Collaborative Antiviral Study Group. Effect of ganciclovir therapy on hearing in symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus disease involving the central nervous system: a randomized, controlled trial. J Pediatr. 2003;143:16–25.

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