Review

. 2022 Jan 19:2022:2910411.

doi: 10.1155/2022/2910411. eCollection 2022.

Nutraceutical Profiling, Bioactive Composition, and Biological Applications of Lepidium sativum L

Sakshi Painuli¹, Cristina Quispe², Jesús Herrera-Bravo^{3

4}, Prabhakar Semwal⁵, Miquel Martorell⁶, Zainab M Almarhoon⁷, Ainur Seilkhan⁸, Alibek Ydyrys⁹, Javad Sharifi Rad¹⁰, Mohammed M Alshehri¹¹, Sevgi Durna Daştan^{12

13}, Yasaman Taheri¹⁰, Daniela Calina¹⁴, William C Cho¹⁵

Affiliations

¹ Himalayan Environmental Studies and Conservation Organization, Dehradun, 248006 Uttarakhand, India.
² Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile.
³ Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile.
⁴ Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile.
⁵ Department of Life Sciences, Graphic Era Deemed to Be University, Dehradun, 248 002 Uttarakhand, India.
⁶ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile.
⁷ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Educational Program, Geography, Environment and Service Sector, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
⁹ Biomedical Research Centre, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
¹⁰ Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
¹¹ Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
¹² Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
¹³ Beekeeping Development Application and Research Center, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
¹⁴ Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
¹⁵ Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

PMID: 35096265
PMCID: PMC8791756
DOI: 10.1155/2022/2910411

Review

Nutraceutical Profiling, Bioactive Composition, and Biological Applications of Lepidium sativum L

Sakshi Painuli et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022.

. 2022 Jan 19:2022:2910411.

doi: 10.1155/2022/2910411. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Himalayan Environmental Studies and Conservation Organization, Dehradun, 248006 Uttarakhand, India.
² Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile.
³ Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile.
⁴ Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile.
⁵ Department of Life Sciences, Graphic Era Deemed to Be University, Dehradun, 248 002 Uttarakhand, India.
⁶ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile.
⁷ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Educational Program, Geography, Environment and Service Sector, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
⁹ Biomedical Research Centre, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
¹⁰ Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
¹¹ Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
¹² Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
¹³ Beekeeping Development Application and Research Center, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
¹⁴ Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
¹⁵ Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

PMID: 35096265
PMCID: PMC8791756
DOI: 10.1155/2022/2910411

Abstract

The roots, leaves, and seeds of Lepidium sativum L., popularly known as Garden cress in different regions, have high economic importance; although, the crop is particularly cultivated for the seeds. In traditional medicine, this plant has been reported to possess various biological activities. This review is aimed at providing updated and critical scientific information about the traditional, nutritional, phytochemical, and biological activities of L. sativum. In addition, the geographic distribution is also reviewed. The comprehensive literature search was carried out with the help of different search engines PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct. This review highlighted the importance of L. sativum as an edible herb that possesses a wide range of therapeutic properties along with high nutritional values. Preclinical studies (in vitro and in vivo) displayed anticancer, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, gastrointestinal, and fracture/bone healing activities of L. sativum and support the clinical importance of plant-derived bioactive compounds for the treatment of different diseases. Screening of literature revealed that L. sativum species and their bioactive compounds may be a significant source for new drug compounds and also could be used against malnutrition. Further clinical trials are needed to effectively assess the actual potential of the species and its bioactive compounds.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
(a) Chemical structure of several bioactive compounds present in essential oil of *L. sativum.* (b) Chemical structure of several bioactive compounds present in the essential oil of *L. sativum*.

**Figure 2**
Chemical structure of bioactive compounds present in *L. sativum* extracts.

**Figure 3**
The most representative nutritional compounds of *Lepidum sativum* and the correlation with their beneficial effects for human health.

**Figure 4**
Summarized diagram with pharmacological properties of *Lepidium sativum* and its potential mechanism of actions. Abbreviations and symbols: ↑: increase; ↓: decrease; Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; ROS: reactive oxygen species.

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Nutraceutical Profiling, Bioactive Composition, and Biological Applications of Lepidium sativum L

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Nutraceutical Profiling, Bioactive Composition, and Biological Applications of Lepidium sativum L

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Conflict of interest statement

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